Invasive Fungal Infections in Diabetes Mellitus
Journal Title: The Indian Practitioner - Year 2016, Vol 69, Issue 7
Abstract
Background and objective: Invasive fungal infections (IFI) are increasingly diagnosed in the immunocompromised patients due to improved diagnostic modalities. Major risk factors for IFI are diabetes mellitus, HIV infection, neutropenia, prolonged use of corticosteroids; recipients of bone marrow or solid organ transplant, haematological malignancies and inherited immunodeficiency disorders. In systemic fungal infections the outcome of the disease depends more on the host factors rather than the fungal virulence. Zygomycosis (Mucor) is the most lethal opportunistic fungal infection particularly among patients with diabetes mellitus and haematological malignancies. Rhino cerebral zygomycosis most common and fulminant type of zygomycosis leads to fatal consequences within a week of onset. Diagnosis of fungal infection include routine microscopy, cultures and advanced serological methods. Management of fungal infections depending on the type of infection and aetiologic agents. Antifungal agents have varying spectrum of activity, dosing, safety profiles and costs. Common antifungal agents used are polyene (AmphotericinB), Azole (Fluconazole, Itraconazole, and Voriconazole etc), Echinocandins (caspofungin, anidulafungin etc). Along with antifungal drugs treatment of co-morbid disease is important for better outcomes. Methods: This was a prospective observational study performed in hospitalised patients. Patients hospitalised with suspected fungal infection or the patients hospitalised for any illness and suspected to have fungal illness during course of stay were screened and worked up in detail for fungal aetiology. Radiologicaly suspected fungal infection cases were worked up and specific samples collected for microbiology. Patient who were diagnosed to have definitive invasive fungal disease were included in the study. Results: In present study 34 patients of conformed IFI were included and observed. 15 patients were diabetic with IFI. Male patients 19(55.9%) in age group12 to 70 years with the average age being 47.15 years were predominantly affected. Most common risk factor in the present study was diabetes mellitus which was noted in 15 out of 34 cases(44.11%). Mucor is commonest fungus in diabetic patients(60%) followed by aspergillus (26.66%).Naso-orbital infection was most common site of affection. Mortality was 46.7% in diabetic patients with fungal infections. Better outcomes observed in patients treated with combined medical and surgical treatment (64.3%) than medical treatment 45% alone.
Authors and Affiliations
S V Pawar, S D Chiraniya, S Yadav, N D Moulick
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP573997
- DOI -
- Views 87
- Downloads 0
Complicated Salmonella Paratyphi-A Infection
A 13 year-old girl presented with 14 days of fever and blood culture grew Salmonella paratyphi-A, which was nalidixic acid resistant. She developed severe thrombocytopenia and ascites after admission. This report is to...
The Indian Influenza Outbreak of 2015: Need for caution but not panic !
.
Inguinal Hernia in Females - A report of two cases with literature review
The rarity of inguinal hernia in females remains a clinical curiosity. Due to its rarity inguinal hernias are much more difficult to diagnose in women than in men. We report two cases of direct inguinal hernia in females...
Efficacy and Safety of a combination of Paracetamol, Chlorpheniramine maleate and Phenylephrine in the symptomatic treatment of Common Cold : Phase IV Clinical study
Introduction and Background: Commoncold is one of the most frequently encountered disease in clinical practice. Though self-limiting, it accounts for major loss of work and school days so symptomatic therapy to treat th...
Persistent pain at mini laparotomy tubal Ligation scar- A nightmare for patient
Mini laparotomy (minilap) is the common method of tubal ligation in developing countries and is associated with various complications like pain in abdomen, menstrual irregularities, ectopic pregnancy and pelvic inflammat...