Investigating the In-vivo Antiplasmodial Properties of Aqueous Extract of Moringa oleifera Lam (Moringaceae) Leaves
Journal Title: Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International - Year 2015, Vol 5, Issue 6
Abstract
Aim: The study investigated Moringa oleifera Lam (Moringaceae), for its in-vivo antiplasmodial properties, using a murine model involving Plasmodium berghei. Study Design: Experimental. Places of Study and Duration: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KNUST, Department of Immunology, NMIMR and Department of Animal Experimentation, NMIMR, May – November, 2013. Methodology: Phytochemical investigation was conducted on powdered plant material and aqueous leaf extract (ML), to determine the presence of secondary metabolites using standard methods. Using 4-day suppressive and 7-day curative tests respectively, ML at 250-1000 mg/kg, was evaluated for in-vivo antiplasmodial activity in P. berghei infected male ICR mice (25-30 g), using Artemether-Lumefantrine (A/L) at 4 mg/kg as reference drug. The effect of ML on the body weights and the survival of the mice, as well as the effect on improvement in clinical signs was also monitored. Results: ML extract was found to contain alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids and tannins. The extracts (250-1000 mg/kg) produced significant reduction in parasitemia in the four-day suppressive test (F6,49 = 4.309; p =.0014). However, 250 mg/kg (69.31%; p< .001) and 500 mg/kg (77.26%; p< .001) extracts exhibited relatively higher activities compared to 750 mg/kg (25.28%; p< .001) and 1000 mg/kg (07.12%; p> .05). In the curative test, similar results were obtained with significant parasitemia reduction for 250 mg/kg (AUC = 52.52±6.732; p< .01) and 500 mg/kg (AUC = 49.62 ± 3.804; p< .01) compared to the positive control group (AUC = 101.3±14.32). Piloerection, lethargy and decreased locomotion were observed to be progressive in all infected experimental groups except A/L. Survival data showed that, although 750 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg groups recorded relatively higher mortalities, statistical analysis didn’t indicate significant difference. Conclusion: ML extract demonstrated in-vivo antiplasmodial activity; probably due to the alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids and tannins in its composition.
Authors and Affiliations
Emmanuel Orman, Phyllis Addo, Michael Fokuo Ofori, Reimmel Kwame Adosraku
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP344458
- DOI 10.9734/BJPR/2015/15714
- Views 86
- Downloads 0
Review of Drug Interactions: A Comprehensive Update
Prescribing multiple medications predisposes to possibilities of occurrence of drug interactions. Various different terminology and ways exist to classify or arrange drug interactions. Drugs interact with other drugs, fo...
Evaluation of the Anxiolytic Effect of Methanolic Leaves Extract of Paullinia pinnata Lin in Mice
This study was designed to evaluate the anxiolytic effect of methanolic leave extract of Paullinia pinnata L. in mice. The elevated plus-maze and staircase paradigm were used to assess the anxiolytic activity of the meth...
Anti-proliferative Effect of Chickpea Extract on Hela, MCF-7, Saos and Fibroblast Cell Lines
Background and Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the proliferation inhibitory effects of seed protein extract from chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) on cancer cell lines. Materials and Methods: The chickpea water...
Pharmacokinetics of Nevirapine in HIV Infected Children from Resource Limited Settings Using Fixed Dose Anti-retroviral Combinations
Introduction: The pharmacokinetics of nevirapine in paediatric populations are important to consider for those receiving anti-retroviral treatment in resource limited settings. High rate of adherence is required to achie...
Development and Validation of UV Spectrophotometric Method for the Estimation of Haloperidol
Aims: The aim of the present work was to develop and validate a sensitive, simple, accurate, precise & cost effective UV spectrophotometric method for the estimation of haloperidol in prepared pharmaceutical formulations...