Involution of the cows' uterus after calving
Journal Title: Науковий вісник Національного університету біоресурсів і природокористування України. Серія : Технологія виробництва і переробки продукції тваринництва - Year 2018, Vol 1, Issue 289
Abstract
Cows after calving have restoration of the ligaments of the pelvis and the configuration of the abdomen, the disappearance of edema of the external genital organs and udder, lochia discharge and involution of the uterus. The duration of the involution of the genital organs depends on the preparation of cows to the parturition, their course, the feeding regime and retention after calving. In the normal course of postnatal processes, the genital organs of the cows morphologically and functionally get prepared for the next pregnancy within 25-30 days after calving. In beef cattle breeding, the workers contact not much with the females in the postpartum period, so nobody cannot predict the nature of their recovery. Due to the fact that the keeping and use of beef breeds is different from that of dairy breeds, and animals of different breeds have significant differences, so there appeared a need to study the terms of involution of the uterus in females of Ukrainian beef cattle breeds. The article provides information on the postnatal involution of the uterus (stabilization of the mass and length of the horn that contained the fetus and cervix, restoration of the functions of the epithelium of the mucous membrane) at the cows of the Ukrainian beef breed. The research was conducted on the stock of the breeding farm “Volya” of the Cherkasy region. Morphological and histological studies of internal genital organs were carried out after slaughter of 20 cows at different periods after calving. They were taken from females killed on the day of birth (n = 5), within 7-8 days (n = 6), within 15, 20 and 30 days after calving (per 3 heads). Sex organs extracted after slaughter were placed in an enameled pan and outspread. The length of the cervix was measured by a caliper, and the horns of the uterus containing the fetus –by a measuring tape of great curvature. From the middle part of the horn of the uterus, pieces of its wall were cut out in size of 0,5 × 0,5 cm for histological examination of the endometrium. Samples were placed in a 10% solution of neutral formalin for 24-48 hours at room temperature, and then washed with running water for several hours. Sections of thickness 4-6 microns were prepared on a freezing microtome. They were stained with hematoxylin-eosin according to the generally accepted technique. At the same time histological examination of the mucous membrane of the uterus was performed. The weight of the uterus within 15 days after calving decreases by 83.8%, and stabilizes at the 20th day. The length of the horn containing the fetus decreased by 61,9% within the first 15 days, stabilizes at 32,0 cm at the 20th day. The length of the cervix at the 15thday decreased by 56,4%, at the 20th day it stabilizes at 6,9 cm. In the mucous membrane of the uterus on the 7thday after birth, there is no epithelial cover; there is an enlargement of the lumen of the uterine glands. Within 14 days, physiological regeneration of the epithelium of the mucous membrane is observed. Recovery of the epithelium of the mucous membrane of the uterus and its glands occurs at the 30th day.
Authors and Affiliations
S. Yu. Demchuk, A. M. Uhnivenko
Keywords
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