Late Effects of Radiation from Conception to Adolescence: Risk in Intrauterine Irradiation, Hereditary Effects, Solid Tumours
Journal Title: Nükleer Tıp Seminerleri - Year 2017, Vol 3, Issue 3
Abstract
Ionizing radiation causes excitation or ionization of atoms or molecules in biological tissues. Depending on the dose of radiation being exposed and the changing biochemical processes, damage can occur within minutes or months. These may be classified as dependent dose-independent or based on the susceptibility of the exposed tissues to the deterministic or stochastic as well as the effects of late radiation on biological tissues such as somatic, genetic, teratogenic, and hereditary. Late somatic effects can lead to necrosis, fibrosis in skin and muscles, loss of taste sensation, immunodeficiency, aplastic anemia, cataracts, and increased incidence of cancers due to somatic mutations or damage. Cancer is the most important late somatic effect of low-dose radiation exposure. Information on cancers caused by radiation exposure is obtained by comparing survivors after atomic bombardments, treatments containing medical-purpose radiation, occupational exposures, and regions with high background radiation compared to those that do not. Exposure to radiation causes DNA damage, mutations, chromosomal disorders, and on the other hand, if the affected cell group is somatic, germ cell, or fetal cells, leads to carcinogenesis, hereditary genetic effects, or developmental disorders, respectively.
Authors and Affiliations
Aslı Ayan
Keywords
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- EP ID EP241629
- DOI 10.4274/nts.026
- Views 86
- Downloads 0
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