LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE EXERCISE OF LAND RIGHTS IN UKRAINE
Journal Title: Вісник Запорізького національного університету. Юридичні науки - Year 2017, Vol 3, Issue
Abstract
Questions related to the exercise of land rights always were and will be under intent the attention of scientists from a land law and legislator. In recent year, work in this direction is notably activated: the number of scientific publications considerably grew in relation to the protection of subjective land rights in their exercising, perfection of the mechanism of exercising land rights, analysis of foreign experience in this area. A special urgency this question acquires in the light of numerous changes in the Land Code of Ukraine and reformation of land legislation of Ukraine in accordance with the European standards. According to the Land Code of Ukraine, the land legislation is based on ensuring equal rights to ownership of land for citizens, legal entities, territorial communities, and the state. It also should prevent interference by the state in exercising rights by citizens, legal entities, and territorial communities with regard to the possession, use, and disposal of land. Exercising of land rights provides for the implementation of those norms that ensure the realization of subjective land rights by all subjects of land law relations. Any subjective right has its own social value only when it can be exercised, i.e. when the opportunities that it provides to the person are realized. The content of the exercise of subjective land rights constitutes all those opportunities, which enshrine in the norms of law for the authorized person to commit certain actions with the purpose to transform the powers of a person into reality. Sometimes collisions take place, while subjective land rights of persons are exercised. There are situations where the right of one person begins to contradict with the right of another person. Such situations are widespread in practice. So then there is a problem regarding the limits of exercising of land rights. Such limits, as a rule, take place in situations, when the exercising of land rights of one person encounters the rights and interests of another person or society as a whole. Limits of exercising land rights should be considered as an integral part of any type of subjective right since in the absence of such limits the right becomes its opposite – an arbitrariness and, accordingly, ceases to be the right in general. Limits of exercising land rights, in this case, can be considered as a legal guarantee of equality of rights of all subjects of land law relations in Ukraine. If the right has been violated, the person can’t exercise it. In this case, the protection of land rights is applied. In the land law literature, the protection of land rights is known as defined in the legislative procedure of realization of the legal possibility of the subject of land law relations to apply methods and forms of law enforcement nature entrenched in the legislation for the restoration of his violated or disputed right. The termination of land rights can be considered as a component of the category “exercise of land rights”. The termination of land rights has always aroused a special interest in terms of ensuring the legality of land relations. The exercising of land rights ends due to its termination. The law defines the grounds for the termination of land rights. Such grounds have their own specific features, which are determined by kinds of terminated subjective land rights. The exercise of land rights should be understood as a collection of all possible types of behaviour of a person with the purpose of acquiring, realizing, and protecting their land rights. Its main purpose is to satisfy personal needs in land use. Such a use should be provided by taking into account its intended purpose, rational use, and protection of land, as well as the rights of other subjects of land law relations.
Authors and Affiliations
D. V. Fedchyshyn
Keywords
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