Lipid pattern in middle-aged inhabitants of the Lower Silesian region of Poland. The PURE Poland sub-study
Journal Title: Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine - Year 2013, Vol 20, Issue 2
Abstract
Introduction. A decreased serum high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) is a strong predictor of cardiovascular risk. However, total HDL is a very dynamic, changeable fraction, and does not perform the function of atherosclerosis markers. In the presented study, the pattern of serum lipids, including HDL-C subclasses (HDL2- and HDL3-cholesterol), in a middle- aged Polish Lower Silesia population was defined. Materials and method. A group of 746 males and 1,298 females, aged 35–70, were investigated. All subjects were participants in the PURE study. Mean serum lipid levels were determined for groups selected on the basis of gender, age, cigarette smoking, drinking alcohol and place of residence (urban/rural area). The data were analyzed using STATISTICA 6.0 PL. Results. In multiple linear regression models, age was the most important independent and consistent predictor of total cholesterol (TC) and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C). The prevalence of low HDL-C (threshold 40 mg/dL in males, 50 mg/dL in females) was 16.5% for males and 22.6% for females. This gender-conditioned difference in the prevalence of low HDL-C was greater in rural (20.0% vs. 30.9%, respectively, in males and females) in comparison to urban (14.4% vs. 17.1%) areas. The lipid pattern was significantly worse in rural than in urban females. Female rural inhabitants showed higher triglycerides (TG) and lower HDL cholesterol (total and contained in subclasses HDL2 and HDL3). Simultaneously, a higher BMI, higher percent of smokers and drinkers and lower age of smoking female rural inhabitants in comparison to urban females were estimated. In the total population, cigarette smoking or drinking alcohol were associated with significant increases in TC, LDL-C and TG, also with decreased HDL-C (smoking) or HDL2-C (drinking). Two-way analysis of variance showed the existence of interaction between these risk factors in their influence on HDL-C and HDL3-C. conclusion. In the middle-aged population of the Lower Silesian region in Poland the place of residence (urban/rural area) had a significant impact on the lipid pattern. This pattern is more atherogenic in rural women than in urban women.
Authors and Affiliations
Anna Skoczyńska, Barbara Turczyn, Katarzyna Zatońska, Maria Wołyniec, Bożena Regulska-Ilow, Rafal Ilow, Andrzej Szuba, Witold Zatoński
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP80624
- DOI -
- Views 128
- Downloads 0
Psychosocial conditioning of depressive disorders in post-menopausal women
Studies confirm that the period prior to, during, and some time after menopause are the times of increase risk of the development of depressive disorders. It is indicated that the level of depression at this stage of a w...
Maternal passive smoking during pregnancy and neonatal health.
The objective of the study was the evaluation of effect of passive smoking among pregnant women on the health condition of their newborn babies. The study covered 150 healthy, non-smoking women from the Lublin Region. Am...
The use of aerobiological data on agronomical studies.
Pollination is ony one of the many events comprising the plant development cycle; however, it is extremely important for yield where seed is required. Although successful fertilization depends on a number of environmenta...
Recurrence of[i] Stachybotrys chartarum[/i] during mycological and toxicological study of bioaerosols collected in a dairy cattle shed
Agricultural occupations associated with animal breeding and the processing of animal materials in confinement systems could potentially lead to bioaerosol exposures. Moulds and mycotoxins could be constituents of bioaer...
Frequency of hepatitis E and Hepatitis A virus in water sample collected from Faisalabad, Pakistan
Hepatitis E and Hepatitis A virus both are highly prevalent in Pakistan mainly present as a sporadic disease. The aim of the current study is to isolate and characterized the specific genotype of Hepatitis E virus from w...