Melasma: A Clinical and Epidemiological Study
Journal Title: International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research - Year 2017, Vol 4, Issue 10
Abstract
Introduction: Melasma is a common pigmentary disorder seen predominantly in females, presenting as pigmented patches in exposed skin mostly on face. Its etiopathogenesis is unknown, however genetic, hormonal factors and UV radiation may contribute to its pathogenesis. Our present research aimed to study the epidemiology and clinical patterns of melasma. Material and Methods: A total of 70 patients were enrolled for the study over a period of one year. The diagnosis of melasma was made clinically and based on the characteristic patterns of melasma, the patients were divided into centrofacial, malar or mandibular. Results: The age of the patients ranged from 20 to 49 years. Majority of cases were seen in the age group of 30-39 years (47.1%). The duration of disease ranged from 4 months to 8 years. Patients from rural areas (64.3%) outnumbered those from urban areas (35.7%). Out of 45 patients dwelling in rural areas, majority (68.9%) had a history of sunlight exposure in the form of working in fields with fewer (31.1%) patients having a history of staying mostly indoors. Statistical analysis showed a significant association of exposure to sunlight with the dwelling area (p <0.001).A positive family history was observed in 5 (7.1%) patients. Centrofacial was the most common pattern (74.3%) observed in the present study. Wood's lamp examination showed epidermal type being the most common in 64.3%% followed by mixed and dermal type seen in 21.4% and 14.3% respectively. Conclusion: The exact pathogenesis of melasma is unknown. The present study tends to analyse the epidemiology, clinical patterns, and etiological factors in the causation of this pigmentary disorder.
Authors and Affiliations
Iram Qazi, Naina K Dogra, Devraj Dogra
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP424219
- DOI -
- Views 135
- Downloads 0
Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery: A Suitable Option for Resource-Poor Settings
Introduction: Phacoemulsification and manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) are sutureless surgeries with low complication rates and satisfactory visual outcomes. Compared to phacoemulsification, MSICS, a cost e...
Hepatic Changes Induced by Leflunomide in Swiss Albino Mice Fetuses
Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder commonly affecting the females and pregnancy with this is a challenge for gynaecologists. Drugs used for treating rheumatoid arthritis during pregnancy should...
Evaluation of Lipid Profile in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis
Liver plays a vital role in lipid metabolism. It contributes both in exogenous and endogenous cycles of lipid metabolism and transport of lipids through plasma. Frequently multiple etiological factors contribute to the d...
Functional Outcome of External fixator in Intra Articular Distal Radius Fractures
Introduction: Fractures involving the distal end of radius are one of the most common injuries encountered in Orthopaedics. 90% of these fractures were treated with closed reduction and cast application. The aim of this...
A Clinical Study of Severity of Anaemia in Adults Attending Outpatient Department with Regard to Signs and Symptoms in Rural South Indian Medical College
Introduction: Anaemia is a common disorder in India. Although it may be due to various causes, iron deficiency is most commonly found cause. Numerous studies conducted in India, found that poor dietary habits of not eati...