Microalbuminuria, an integrated marker of renal and cardiovascular risk in essential hypertension
Journal Title: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RECENT TRENDS IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY - Year 2017, Vol 21, Issue 3
Abstract
Introduction: Microalbuminuria reflects the renal expression of a more generalized state of endothelial dysfunction. Microalbuminuria is associated with glomerular hypertension and predicts the onset of frank proteinuria, progressive renal failure and cardiovascular disease which can be attenuated by prompt and scrupulous treatment of hypertension. Materials and Methods: Microalbuminuria expressed as albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) was estimated in hypertensive patients (n=31) and healthy normal controls (n=50). Blood pressure (BP) was recorded in all patients and controls. Renal function parameters like urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin and lipid parameters like total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides and high density lipoprotein(HDL) cholesterol estimated in fasting blood samples and creatinine clearance calculated.. Mean and standard deviation (SD) of these values calculated and compared in the two groups using unpaired t test. The correlation of ACR with renal function and lipid parameters were studied by Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Observations and Results: In hypertensive patients microalbuminuria was significantly higher (43.1±38.2mg/g of creatinine) than in controls (15.08±5.5mg/g of creatinine, p value < 0.001) and showed significant positive correlation with systolic BP (r = 0.366; p < 0.001), diastolicBP (r = 0.32; p < 0.001), serum creatinine, blood urea and significant negative correlation with creatinine clearance-indicators of renal dysfunction. Microalbuminuria also showed significant positive correlation with serum total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL cholesterol which are indicators of cardiovascular disease. Conclusion: Microalbuminuria is an effective early marker of renal dysfunction and cardiovascular disease in patients with essential hypertension.
Authors and Affiliations
Fathima Beevi Osman, Bindu Gopinathan Nair
Keywords
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