Modelling the Gross Domestic Product and the Per Capita Income of Türkiye using Autoregressive Deep Learning Networks
Journal Title: International Journal of Social Science And Human Research - Year 2023, Vol 6, Issue 03
Abstract
The gross domestic product and the per capita income are leading indicators regarding the income and the wealth of nations. The gross domestic product and the per capita income can be modelled dependent on various econometric data such as the export revenue, tourism revenue, trade deficit and the industrial revenue. In this work, an alternative and novel method is presented for the modelling of the gross domestic product and the per capita income. In this study, the gross domestic product and the per capita income are modelled autoregressively employing deep learning networks namely autoregressive deep learning networks. The input data of the developed deep learning networks are taken as the past values of the modelled variable making the deep learning networks effectively autoregressive models. As application examples of the autoregressive deep learning models, the gross domestic product and the per capita income data of Türkiye for the period of 1960-2021 are separately modelled. The autoregressive deep learning networks are developed in Python programming language. The coefficient of determination (R2), mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and the root mean square error (RMSE) of the developed models are also computed. The plots of the results of the developed autoregressive deep learning models and the performance metrics of the models show that the developed autoregressive deep learning models can be utilized to accurately model the gross domestic product and the per capita income.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Cagatay Tuncsiper
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP714519
- DOI 10.47191/ijsshr/v6-i3-59
- Views 104
- Downloads 0
The Government's Role in Dealing with West Kalimantan Forest Fires
Cases of forest and land fires have become a regular every year during the hot season. West Kalimantan is one of the places prone to forest fires. Geographically, West Kalimantan is largely covered with peat soil, which...
The Role of Educational Management Strategies to Enhance the Quality of Learning Outcomes in the Digital Age
Rapid technological development is seen as disruptive to traditional education, and it calls upon educators to leverage technology for better learning outcomes. It provides education management strategies that optimize t...
Game-Based Learning Approach in Science Education: A Meta-Analysis
In the generation of technological advancement, students tend to have difficulty learning science education since it encompasses numerous fields, making it challenging for students to assimilate knowledge about the topic...
Level of Self-Confidence of Petanque Athletes in Participating in Competitions
Every athlete, especially Petanque, has mental turmoil when competing. This mental turmoil is self-confidence. Confidence is one factor that influences the results of matching petanque. Trusting oneself is feeling confid...
Academic Stress: Comparative Study of Academic Stress of Class XII Students from Arts, Commerce and Science Streams
The present study was an attempt to make a comparative analysis of the academic stress of class XII students from the arts, commerce, and science streams. For this purpose, a total of 90 students from class XII were sele...