Modulation of Th1/Th2 cytokine production by selective and nonselective phosphodiesterase inhibitors administered to mice.
Journal Title: Pharmacological Reports - Year 2012, Vol 64, Issue 1
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors can modulate the functions of immune cells, including T lymphocytes, due to increased intracellular levels of cyclic nucleotides. The drugs (aminophylline, milrinone and sildenafil) were administered once or five times at 24 h intervals at the following doses: 20 mg/kg, im, 1 mg/kg, im and 1 mg/kg, po, respectively. Th1 and Th2 cytokine levels (IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-5, TNF) were determined 12, 24 or 72 h after the last administration of the drugs. A commercial BD™ Cytometric Bead Array Mouse Th1/Th2 Cytokine Kit (CBA) was used to determine the levels of Th1/Th2 cytokines in the serum. Neither of the PDE inhibitors under investigation administered once changed IFN-γ, TNF and IL-4 production. A single dose of aminophylline decreased the production of IL-2 (after 12 h). A single dose of milrinone did not affect Th1/Th2 cytokine secretion. Sildenafil administered once decreased the production of IL-2 (after 72 h). A temporary enhancement in the level of IL-5 was observed 12 h after a single dose of sildenafil. No changes in Th1 and Th2 cytokine production were observed after five doses of PDE inhibitors under investigation. These results indicate that nonstimulated lymphocytes Th1 and Th2 exhibited a slight sensitivity to aminophylline and sildenafil. The drugs under investigation were ineffective inhibitors of Th1/Th2 cytokine production.
Authors and Affiliations
Marianna Szczypka, Sebastian Ploch, Bożena Obmińska-Mrukowicz
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP140391
- DOI -
- Views 85
- Downloads 0
Family-based study of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene polymorphism in alcohol dependence.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) belongs to a family of proteins related to the nerve growth factor family, which are responsible for the proliferation, survival and differentiation of neurons. BDNF is thought to...
Comparison of the pharmacokinetics of paracetamol from two generic products in patients after total gastric resection.
Gastrectomy leads to pathophysiological changes within the alimentary tract, which may affect drug absorption and pharmacokinetic parameters (PK). The need to apply orally administered analgesics in this group of patient...
Influence of the semisynthetic bile acid (MKC) on the ileal permeation of gliclazide in healthy and diabetic rats.
The aim of this study is to investigate how the semisynthetic bile acid; 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-12-keto-5beta-cholanate, also known as 12-monoketocholic acid (MKC) influences the ileal permeation of the antidiabetic dru...
Effects of morphine on immediate-early gene expression in the striatum of C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mice.
Background: Immediate early gene (IEG) induction elicited by drugs of abuse may contribute to development of plastic changes in the brain responsible for drug-induced behavioral changes leading to addiction. The aim of t...
Effects of olanzapine and paroxetine on phospholipase D activity in the rat brain.
Background: Phospholipase D (PLD) plays a key role in a second messenger system producing phosphatidic acid, mediating, among others, serotonin 5-HT2 receptor activity. The aim of the study was to evaluate a possible eff...