Molecular characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolates obtained from paraguayan inmates: A pilot study
Journal Title: International Journal of Medical and Health Research - Year 2018, Vol 4, Issue 8
Abstract
Introduction: Skin and soft tissue infection caused by S. aureus within the prison environment is particularly problematic because it involves a set of multiple risk factors for the colonization or infections due to this bacteria, in addition of the easy spread and the difficulty to contain and manage outbreaks that can result in serious morbidity and death. Materials and Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study included 12 S. aureus isolates recovered from skin lesions and nasal swabs taken from minors inmates (130) of the Correctional Integral Educational Center of Itauguá (Central Department of Paraguay). The bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility were carried out following the criteria recommended by the CLSI. The DNA extraction was performed using a commercial kit. The detection of methicillin resistance (mecA) and virulence factors: enterotoxins, hemolysins and exfoliative toxins genes carried out by PCR. The genetic variability was studied by MultiLocus Variable Number Tandem Repeat Analysis. All the inmates voluntarily participated of the study giving their oral consent. Results: All isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, rifampicin and trimethoprim-sulfametoxazol, 8% were resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin, 67% were resistant to gentamycin, and 75% to methicillin and ceftriaxone, all MRSA carried out the mecA gene. PVL and hlA were the most frequent virulence genes detected (83%), followed by seC and hlB. 92% (11/12) isolates could be analyzed by MLVA, giving five differents MLVA profiles among the isolates analyzed. Seven isolates were clustered in the same profile (A) and the other four were identified each one as unique profile. Conclusion: CA-MRSA isolates with the same MLVA and virulence factors profile were identified in the correctional in different inmates, not only as carriers, but also causing infection. The fact of the identification of identical isolates reveals the importance of implementing educational interventions focused on improvements in personal hygiene practices to avoid outbreaks or more serious health-problems that could lead to infections by this pathogen.
Authors and Affiliations
Fátima Rodríguez, Federico Escobar, José Pereira, Mercedes Álvarez, Arnaldo Aldama, Diana Nunes, Rosa Guillén
Keywords
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