Monitoring Drought Occurrence over the Sahel and Sudan Savannah of Nigeria Using NDVI
Journal Title: International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (IJRASET) - Year 2017, Vol 5, Issue 5
Abstract
Drought is a climatic phenomenon which can either be normal or abnormal. The probability of drought occurrence on the global environment suffers abrupt changes, thus developing strategies for mitigating drought effects becomes very imperative. This study monitors the magnitude of drought severity in the Sudan-Sahel region of Nigeria using NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation index) and rainfall data spanning through a period of 20 years (1981- 2001). Fourteen meteorological stations were covered. NDVI was used to depict periods of different drought scenario while drought risk maps were generated from classified NDVI anomaly for each station. In addition, vegetation cover of the study area was analyzed from the trend of NDVI anomaly from year to year and this shows the magnitude of dryness and wetness for the stations considered. The results revealed that from the beginning of 1983 through to 1986, the region suffered extreme to severe drought condition especially the northern part. Mild to moderate drought conditions were experienced in the early 1990s. A wet climatic condition was prevalent in the study area between 1994 and 1998 as no drought condition was experienced. Analysis and interpretation of the maps confirmed that remotely-sensed drought indices can accurately detect and map local and regional drought spatial occurrence. The study concluded that fine spatial resolution satellite data could be used to aid decision makers in monitoring and detecting drought to find how to mitigate the disaster.
Authors and Affiliations
Oluwatosin Agunbiade, Ibidun Adelekan
Keywords
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