Morphological and biochemical profile of anaemia- Does it help a step further in under diagnose cases in a hospital based study
Journal Title: IP Journal of Diagnostic Pathology and Oncology - Year 2018, Vol 3, Issue 1
Abstract
Introduction Anaemia is one of the preventable disease burden worldwide especially in developing nations like India There are varied aetiologies for anaemia Iron deficiency being the most common cause Age sex geographical and comorbid factors play important role in the morphological patterns of anaemia Anaemia if undetected can cause morbidity and mortality which can be preventedAims and objectives To identify morphological patterns and severity of anaemia in patients of all age groups andcorrelate the findings of automatic hemoanalyser peripheral smear and biochemical parameters like iron studies vitamin B 12 and folic acid to correlate these findings with age sex morphological type and to find out the commonest patternMaterials and Methods This cross sectional study comprised of 300 anaemic patients over a period from December 2015 to July 2017 in Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute PondicherryResults In our study of 300 cases microcytic hypochromic anaemia was the commonest anaemia in all age groups 66 followed by dimorphic anaemia 23 Also prevalence of microcytic hypochromic anaemia was highest in our study p valuelt0005 as compared to other studies Two 101 of 197 microcytic hypochromic cases showed elevated levels of Iron ferritin and increased saturation and decreased TIBC suggesting thalassemia trait Remaining 195 microcytic hypochromic anaemic cases showed reduced levels of serum Iron ferritin and increased levels of TIBC Amongst 23 dimorphic anaemia 764 patients showed reduced levels of serum Iron and ferritin with increased TIBC 73 showed reduced levels of vitamin B 12 102 showed reduced folate levels Among 8 patients with Macrocytic anaemia 80 patients had both vitamin B12 and folate deficiency 12 had folate deficiency alone 8 patients showed normal vitamin B 12 and folate levels Normocytic normochromic anaemia accounted to 3 of which 5 cases showed reticulocytosis indicating hemolytic anaemia Regarding age majority were adults in which female predominance was seen MF ratio is 118majority683 showed severe degree of anaemiaConclusion In this hospital study microcytic hypochromic anaemia was the most common morphological type of anaemia in which two asymptomatic cases of presumptive Thalassemia trait detected due to correlation between complete blood count peripheral smear study and further biochemical studies These correlations proved to be definitive in establishing diagnosis of aetiology of anaemiaThis inclusive approach towards conclusive diagnosis of anaemia will help to lessen the burden associated with itKeywords Anaemia Blood Indices Microcytic hypochromic Dimorphic Normochromic normocytic Iron studies Serum B12 levels Serum folate levels
Authors and Affiliations
Venkat Raghavan A. T. M, Vaishali D. Kotasthane, Dhananjay S. Kotasthane
Keywords
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- EP ID EP482723
- DOI 10.18231/2581-3706.2018.0002
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