Abstract

Introduction: The coraco-acromial ligament forms coraco-acromial arch along with acromion and coracoid process of scapula which prevent the superior humeral head displacement. It plays a key role in the pathoetiology of sub-acromial impingement syndrome when there are no significant bony abnormalities. Material and Methods: In the present study we have studied 120 formalin preserved upper limbs (right: 60; left: 60) of unknown age and sex. Each shoulder was dissected carefully to see coraco-acromial ligament. The CAL was identified with careful blunt dissection to prevent overlooking any thinner bands. We observed the number of bands present and shape of the ligament. Photographs were taken. Results: Different morphological subtypes of coraco-acromial ligament were observed and classified according to Kesmezacar et al. Type II (28.33 %) was the most common then type I (25 %), type IV (17.5 %), type V (15 %), type III (11.66%). Anterolateral band of ligament extended antero-laterally to form coracoacromial falx in 51%. Discussion: Coraco-acromial ligament shows different morphological variations in Indian population. Knowledge of morphological variations of coraco-acromial ligament will be helpful for orthopedic surgeon for clinical and intraoperative decision while dealing with sub-acromial impingement syndrome.

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