MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF SUPERIOR ARTICULAR FACETS OF ATLAS VERTEBRA AND ITS CLINICAL APPLICATIONS
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2017, Vol 6, Issue 69
Abstract
BACKGROUND The anatomy of the atlas vertebra reveals complex, three-dimensional structures, showing extensive variability in morphology. The large number of variations seen in the shape, size and depth of the superior articular facets of the atlas vertebrae indicate that the atlanto-occipital joint is correspondingly variable. Features of the atlas vertebra must be familiar before any spinal surgeries. The objectives of the present study were to report the analysed morphological features and metrical values of superior articular facets of atlas vertebra. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was carried out on 32 (64 sides) dried specimens of atlas vertebrae for variability in shape due to presence of constriction and partial or complete separation of superior articular facets. Superior articular facets of the vertebrae were measured for dimension, using Vernier calliper and any abnormalities present in it were noted down and photographed. Intact human atlases from the dissected cadavers were utilised but broken, undeveloped, porous macerated bones (atlas vertebrae) were also excluded from the study. Statistical analyses of the measurements were done. RESULTS Oval, kidney, dumb bell, figure of eight and trilobed shapes were observed either on both sides or on one side. Commonest shape of superior articular facet was oval in 40.62% of specimens. On right side, the average length was 20.3 mm & breadth was 11.7 mm. On left side, the average length was 21 mm & breadth was 11.05 mm. Complete separation of facets was seen in 3.12% of vertebrae. CONCLUSION The knowledge of these measurements and the variations present may be of importance to understand the ergonomics of the craniovertebral joint and they are helpful for orthopaedic surgeons, neurosurgeons, clinicians and radiologists in day-to-day clinical practice.
Authors and Affiliations
Parineeta Suman, Laxmi Chettangada Cariappa, Raj Kishore Mahato
Keywords
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- EP ID EP233237
- DOI 10.14260/Jemds/2017/1065
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