Multidrug Resistant Acinetobacter in Patient with Ventilator Associated Pneumonia: Review Article
Journal Title: Journal of Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University - Year 2019, Vol 8, Issue 3
Abstract
Acinetobacter is a complex genus, with multiple species. Acinetobacter species are the common etiology of nosocomial infections, principally nosocomial pneumonia catheter-associated bacteremia and urinary tract infections. Multidrug Resistant (MDR) Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) by Acinetobacter spp is increasingly reported from different parts of the world. Transmission of Acinetobacter is aid by the organism's environmental stubbornness, resistance to desiccation and evasion of host immunity. The virulence properties demonstrated by Acinetobacter spp. is primarily by evasion of rapid clearance by the immune system. The capsular polysaccharide is a critical virulence factor that enables immune evasion and lipopolysaccharide triggers septic shock. Conversely, the primary factor of clinical outcome is antibiotic resistance. Acinetobacter spp. has become a discreditable threat for patients on mechanical ventilation. Considering high rate of antibiotic resistance, new preventive and therapeutic alternative approach for MDR Acinetobacter spp. infections are urgently needed. Worldwide drug resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii is growing. This review article is emphasised on incidence of VAP due to MDR Acinetobacter, phenotypes, genotypes, associated risk factors and preventive strategy.
Authors and Affiliations
Harsha V. Patil, Shivaji T. Mohite, Virendra C. Patil
Keywords
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