NATURAL PRODUCTS BOTACHEMICAL POTENTIALITY AND HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
Journal Title: Int J of Pharm Rev& Res - Year 2011, Vol 1, Issue 1
Abstract
It‟s well established that oxygen is essential for survival and energy generation in all-living organisms and ~5% of its inhaled part is converted into free radicals (either ROS or RNS) as a by-product of aerobic metabolism. Free radicals are also generated on exposure to sun light, X-rays, O3, tobacco smoke, automobile exhaust, environmental pollutants, and several other physiological processes. These reactive species damage NAs, Proteins, lipids, carbohydrates that consequently affects the immune functions causing degenerative ailments. The initiation steps of oxygen induced oxidation require removal of H-atom which gets accelerated by the presence of certain metals such as Fe and Cu leading to formation of singlet oxygen. In a normal cell there is an appropriate balance between pro-oxidant and antioxidants. Increase in level of prooxidant as compared in antioxidant creates oxidative stress. Epidemiological studies provide convincing evidence that a diet rich in antioxidants is associated with a lower incidence of degenerative diseases. Cereals, legumes (barley, corn, nuts, oats, rice, sorghum, wheat, beans, and pulses) oil seeds (rapeseed, canola, flaxseed, olive seed, fruits, vegetables and beverages (fruit juices, black-lemon-T, coffee, coca,beer & wine are the potent sources of dietary polyphenolsfruits like apple, grape, pear, scerry, and various berries contain up to 200-300mg polyphenol/100g fresh weigh. A glass of red wine or a cup of coffee or black tea contains about 100mg polyphenols. Their total dietary intake may be about 1g/day i.e. about 10x higher than that of Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and 100x higher than those of vitamin E (tocopherol) and caretenoids. The major constituents of tea polyphenols amount to 30 per cent of the dry weight ofblack tea leaves. Citrus fruits mainly provides flavonones, and hesperidin is abundant in (120-250mg/l) in orange juice. Some vegetables particularly onion are rich source of quercetin. Anthocyanins are pigments of certain fruits such as cherries, plums, strawberries, raspberries, black berries and red current, ranging from 0.15 to 4.5mg/g in fresh fruits. Soyabean contains mainly isoflavonoids like genistein and daizein that possess important role in prevention of some forms of cancer and osteoporosis. People relying upon consuming traditional diets rich in soy and tea rarely bear breast, uterus and prostate cancer. Recent advances in biochemistry and molecular biology techniques providing tools for studying the antioxidant enzymes and for elucidating the mechanisms of the actions of antioxidants has been delineated in this manuscript.
Authors and Affiliations
Bina Rani1 , Priyanka Singh2 , Raaz Maheshwari3 , Manisha Sharma4
Keywords
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