NATURE PROTECTION IN BIALOWIEZA FOREST - THE HISTORICAL AND SOCIAL VIEW
Journal Title: Zarządzanie ochroną przyrody w lasach - Year 2014, Vol 0, Issue 1
Abstract
Białowieza Forest has been a globally unique area. Since Middle Ages sovereigns took special care of it and at that time it became the “Royal Forest”.Along their long history, forest biotopes have been exposed to various disasters. The condition of the forest has been particularly influenced by fires, gradation of insects, hurricanes, excessive numbers of animals and incautious (direct or indirect) activity of man. During royal times various acts were issued aimed at the protection of Bialowieza Forest. Almost all the sovereigns visited the forest. During the tsar rule the forest was also protected.In the period between the world wars the forest faced destructive activities of an English company, Centura, stopped by the unwavering attitude of Adam Loret, a director. At that time, the National Bialowieza Park and other nature reserves were created due to the initiative of Prof. Władysław Szafer and ample foresters.The Second World War is the period of excessive forest devastation by the occupying forces who did not care about forest nature. That was mainly due to intensive wood cutting and total extermination of forest animals during organised hunting.Post-war times are characterised by excessive wood cutting activities. Later on foresters attempt to actively protect the natural treasures of the forest. As a result the, first in Poland, Promotional Forest Complex is created. Contemporary times witness some degradation of the natural resources of the forest: combating spruce bark beetle, mass dieback of spruce, lack of agreement on effective rescue measures, retreat of the most prominent forest species, unification and retreat of the forest plant communities.
Authors and Affiliations
Grzegorz Bielecki, Andrzej Nowak
Keywords
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