AN ASSESSMENT ON THE PREVALENCE OF KALA-AZAR IN MUNICIPAL AREA OF KATIHAR DISTRICT, BIHAR
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2015, Vol 4, Issue 35
Abstract
[b] INTRODUCTION[/b]: Kala-azar is a chronic infectious disease of the reticulo-endothelial system, characterized by irregular fever of long duration, anemia, leucopenia, hepato-spleenomegaly and progressive emaciation. It has major medical, psychological, and financial implications and remains a serious public health problem in Bihar. [b]OBJECTIVES[/b]: To find the prevalence of kala-azar and its associated factors & also to formulate preventive measures for the control of this disease. [b]MATERIALS AND METHODS[/b]: This was a community based cross-sectional study, conducted in 5 municipal wards of Katihar district, from 1st Jan. 2014 to 31st Dec. 2014. Study population was selected by stratified random sampling method. From each ward families were selected by simple random sampling. After the collection of data using pre-designed and pre-tested Performa, prevalence of kala-azar in municipal area of Katihar district was studied. [b]RESULTS[/b]: Among the total study population of 2095 people, 1089 were males and 1006 females. Maximum number of cases (60%) in our study was between 20-29 years of age group and 80% of them were males. Sixty percent (60%) of the cases belonged to low socio-economic status and 80% cases occurred in persons living in kutccha houses, where the walls of the room were made of mud. In 80% of the cases, distance of the cattle shed from houses was less than 15 meters.[b] CONCLUSION[/b]: Young adults are more susceptible to kala-azar and the incidence gradually decline with age. Male preponderance may be due to some practices of adult males like sleeping in the cattle sheds or close to cattle sheds. The high incidence of the disease among low socio-economic group may be due to insanitary habits and surroundings which provide excellent breeding grounds and shelter for the sand fly.
Authors and Affiliations
Prawin Chandra, Kashif Shahnawaz
Keywords
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- EP ID EP117414
- DOI 10.14260/jemds/2015/875
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