CLINICAL SPECTRUM OF OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS IN HIV POSITIVE PATIENTS
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2015, Vol 4, Issue 24
Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection leading to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) causes progressive decline in immunological response in people living with HIV/AIDS, making them susceptible to a variety opportunistic infections (OIs) which are responsible for morbidity and mortality. Therefore early diagnosis and management of opportunistic infections reduce the mortality and morbidity in HIV positive patients. [b]CONTEXT:[/b] AIMS: To study the demographic variables; spectrum of opportunistic infections and its correlation with CD4 count in HIV patients. [b]SETTING AND DESIGN[/b]: The study was conducted on 200 HIV patients either admitted to Sanjay Gandhi Memorial Hospital or attending ART Center, Shyam Shah Medical College, Rewa (M.P) from January 2013 to October 2014. [b]METHODS AND MATERIAL[/b]: A detailed history was recorded with emphasis on personal history, high risk behavior, history of migration, mode of transmission of infection and complete thorough clinical examination was done. Data analysis was done by calculating P value using Chi Square test. [b]RESULTS[/b]: Out of 200 HIV patients, most of them (88%) belonged to the age group 20-49 years, 66% were males and 34% were females. 45% were illiterates, 62% were from low socioeconomic class. Majority of patients were married (79%) and 72.2% had seropositive spouse. Unprotected sexual route was the most common (85%) mode of transmission; among which heterosexual route was the only mode of transmission. 59.4% of males contracted infection through unprotected sex with either commercial sex workers (44.8%) or multiple sex partners (14.6%). 61% of patients had history of emigration. Tuberculosis was the most common opportunistic infection (51%), followed by oral candidiasis 30% and chronic diarrhea (9%).Pulmonary Tuberculosis was the most common form of Tuberculosis (64.7%), followed by tubercular lymphadenopathy (15.7%). [b]CONCLUSION[/b]: HIV/AIDS has no vaccine or cure, so prevention is the only way to decrease its burden in the society. Health education, safe sex, and creating awareness among the people are the main tools in preventing HIV transmission. Treating physicians should have knowledge of spectrum of opportunistic infection in HIV patients.
Authors and Affiliations
Usmani M. H, Rifat Qureishi, Rakesh Patel, Praveen Kumar
Keywords
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- EP ID EP101025
- DOI 10.14260/jemds/2015/589
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