Assessment of cardiovascular disease risk in depressed women of reproductive and menopausal age
Journal Title: Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences - Year 2015, Vol 28, Issue 6
Abstract
It is well documented that depression increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Women of age 55 and younger with depression are more likely to have CVD. The present study aims to investigate CVD risk in depressed women of reproductive age (RA) and menopausal age (MA). Adult women of RA and MA were divided in to two groups; healthy and depressed. Women were screened for depression (ICD-10 criteria) at outpatients department of local psychiatric hospital. Fasting serum cortisol, estradiol and lipid profile levels were determined. Data was analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by Newman’s Keuls q-test. Total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and triglycerides (TGs) were raised in MA women however high density lipoprotein (HDL) and estradiol were lower as compared to RA women. Depressed RA women showed increased TC, LDL and HDL but decreased estradiol as compared to healthy women of similar age group. MA depressed women showed increased TC and LDL but decreased HDL and estradiol as compared to healthy controls. We found that MA depressed women had low HDL and estradiol as compared to RA depressed women. Circulating cortisol levels were increased in both depressed RA and MA women compared to respective healthy controls. Low HDL/LDL ratio was found in both healthy and depressed MA women when compared with respective RA women. A significant negative correlation of estradiol and cortisol was found in depressed RA women. It is concluded that low HDL/LDL ratio and hypercortisolemia in both healthy and depressed MA women make them more vulnerable to CVD.
Authors and Affiliations
Saima Akhtar , M Iqbal Afridi , Samina Bano
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP117597
- DOI -
- Views 96
- Downloads 0
Hypoglycemic effects of three Iranian edible plants; jujube, barberry and saffron: Correlation with serum adiponectin level
One of the most common disorders of the endocrine system is diabetes mellitus. This disease is associated with dyslipidemia. Adiponectin is a protein hormone that secreted by adipocytes and has an important role in...
Interaction study of moxifloxacin and lomefloxacin with co-administered drugs
Moxifloxacin and lomefloxacin are fluoroquinolone antibiotics used in treating urinary and respiratory tract infections. Fluoroquinolones are known to have interactions with drugs that are active in gastro intestinal tra...
Qadir test
The present diagnostic tests for cancers are expensive and are not accessible by poor. Therefore, it was necessary to explore a diagnostic test accessible by general public. Plasma lipid profile is decreased in all...
Development and formulation of metformin (Antidiabetic) effervescent Granules: To increase patient compliance and its stability study
Convenience of administration and patient compliance are gaining importance in the formulation of dosage forms. Many patients, like elderly people and person with dysphagia find difficulty to swallow the tablets an...
Antimicrobial salicylaldehyde Schiff bases: Synthesis, characterization and evaluation
As the pathogens soon develop resistance to the existing antibiotics, the demand for new and more effective anti-microbial agents is a continuous phenomenon. In this paper we are reporting synthesis and spectral da...