НЕРЕАЛЬНЫЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЯ КОНСТРУКЦИИ TUN+ИНФИНИТИВ В РАННЕНОВОВЕРХНЕНЕМЕЦКИЙ ПЕРИОД
Journal Title: World Science - Year 2017, Vol 3, Issue 6
Abstract
The article deals with the category of irrealis in the system of moods. The development of unreal meaning of analytical periphrastic construction tun+infinitive in the Early New High German is analyzed. Traditionally, the category of mood in the German language expresses an objective external modality and a trinomial opposition, the latter being the cause of numerous disputes in the modern Germanistics. At the present stage, there is a view that stands for the existence of only 2 moods: realis and irrealis. Historical changes that have occurred in the German language confirm this view. A restructuring of the category of mood takes place in the Early New High German. Its main indicator is the reorientation of the system of moods from internal to the external modality. Therefore, beginning with the Early New High German period, there exists an opposition realis (conjunctive of the indirect speech, imperative, indicative) - irrealis (preterital forms of the subjunctive mood) in the German system of moods. The subject of the research is the analytical periphrastic construction tun (do) + infinitive, widespread in the Early New High German. The aim of the study is to analyze the development of unreal meanings of the analytic periphrastic construction tun + infinitive in the Early New High German period. The tun + infinitive construction occurs in the texts of the Early New High German period in unreal statements and sentences with indirect speech. However, it should not be viewed as a marker of conjunctive and subjunctive moods, but only as their synonym. The sphere of irrealis is represented by desiderative semantics (expression of desire), unreal conditional and comparative sentences, which demonstrate unreal situations using the tun + infinitive construction. The tun + infinitive construction is synonymous to the preterital forms of conjunctive, but replaces them only partially. Few examples of using tun in this function in the Early New High German give grounds to consider it to be limited in its use by separate dialects (it also applies to modern German) and certain types of texts.
Authors and Affiliations
М. А. Фахурдинова
Keywords
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