OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY AND LEISURE TIME OF PERSONS WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DIFFICULTIES

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OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY AND LEISURE TIME OF PERSONS WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DIFFICULTIES

Journal Title: Human Research in Rehabilitation - Year 2018, Vol 8, Issue 2

Abstract

Occupations can be divided into three subcategories: activities that are socially expected, activities that affirm health and support maintenance of health and leisure activities. Leisure time activities are an individual choice from personal interests and values, not because of the expectations of the environment. Leisure time activities can be divided into three basic groups: activities for rest, recreation and personal development. Goals: Occupational therapy and leisure time of persons with developmental difficulties are determining the duration of activities that are carried out due to rest, various forms of recreation and personal development and their mutual relationship. Results: In total 121 persons with cerebral palsy participated in the workshops of the Cerebral palsy associations of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 52 (42.98%) from Sarajevo, 14 (11.58%) from Gorazde, 29 (23.97%) from Zenica, 9 (7.43%) from Sapna and 17 (14.05%) from the Center „Koraci nade“ (Steps of hope) from Tuzla. Of the total sample (121 respondents) one hour per day listened to the music 29 (23.97%) participants, 2 hours 26 (21.49%), 3 and more hours 59 (48.76%) and not listen to the music at all 7 participants (5.78%). Of the total sample per day 1-hour watches TV and uses internet 20 (16.53%) participants, 2 hours 35 (28.92%), 3 and more hours 60 (49.59%) and no TV viewing or internet use 6 (4.96%) participants. For all four Associations, members of the Cerebral palsy associations of Federation of FBiH and the Center "Koraci nade", Tuzla, for leisure activities directed to rest, there is a statistically significant difference in the time spent in the activities: χ2 = 55.071; df = 6; p < .0001. For all four Associations, members of the Cerebral palsy associations of FBiH and Center "Koraci nade", Tuzla, there is a statistically significant difference in the frequency of participation in cultural and sports activities: χ2 = 162.758; df = 12; p < .0001. For all four Associations, members of the Cerebral palsy associations of Federation of FBiH and Center "Koraci nade", Tuzla, there is a statistically significant difference in time spent with companions, friends: χ 2= 34.137; df = 2; p < .0001. Discussion: In the study by Mlinarević The Styles of Leisure Time of High School Pupils in Slavonija and Baranja, 2004, outlined 43 leisure activities. The author combines the four leisure time styles: elite, hedonistic, sport-recreational and traditional-(non) conventional. Inclusive policy should be represented in the curricula of all kindergartens, schools and faculties with planned leisure time activities. An integral part of all therapeutic approaches to persons with developmental difficulties should be the training of persons with developmental difficulties and their families for the adequate use of leisure time. Working with parents/family through "family-oriented practice" is a challenge for occupational therapists and other professionals in health care services and requires a significant change from a traditional child-centered approach. Systematic development of methodology of leisure time research and interdisciplinary approach to this vital problem is needed.

Authors and Affiliations

Emira Švraka, Naim Salkić, Berka Klinić

Keywords

occupational therapy. leisure activities. developmental difficulties

EP ID EP394894
DOI 10.21554/hrr.091803
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