Occurrence of stem canker symptoms and seed yield of selected cultivars of winter oilseed rape in field experiments in Great Poland
Journal Title: Rośliny Oleiste - Oilseed Crops - Year 2012, Vol 33, Issue 1
Abstract
Yield of agricultural crops is determined by numerous factors, such as the choice of suitable cultivar, soil quality and other environmental conditions, selective pressure of pests and diseases, agrotechnical practices, including chemical protection of plants and the weather. The aim of this study was to characterize healthiness and yield of selected hybrids and cultivars of oilseed rape, recommended by breeding companies for the cultivation in Poland, in conditions similar to agricultural production in the field, according to the rules of good agricultural practice.The experiment was conducted in two consecutive seasons 2009/10 and 2010/11, in the fields of the Experimental Station of the National Research Institute of Animal Production in Pawłowice near Leszno (Poland) in split block design with three replicates. To our knowledge it was a unique experiment of this type on oilseed rape in Poland, conducted on field experiments plots; in the autumn of 2009 each cultivar was sown on 0.57 ha, so the area of one replicate was 0.19 ha. In the autumn of 2010 each cultivar was sown on the area of 0.8 ha, what equals to 0.27 ha per one replicate. Prior to the establishment of the field experiment the analysis of soil nutrients and pH was done at big scale, what allowed to perform the experiments in conditions near to identical for all studied varieties. The evaluation was performed for 21 cultivars of winter oilseed rape, including 6 population lines and 15 hybrids. Fungicide treatments were done in the autumn and early spring. Sprays against stem canker of brassicas were performed according to the SPEC system (www.spec.edu.pl). In the autumn and before harvest samples of infected plants were pulled out, the pathogens were isolated from infected plant tissues and ascribed to the relevant species of Leptosphaeria based on culture morphology. Moreover, the following parameters were evaluated: the percentage of plants with the symptoms of stem canker before winter, plant healthiness before harvest and seed yield.The healthiness of plants, the composition of Leptosphaeria species as well as the seed yield significantly differed between cultivars. The lowest number of symptoms was found on hybrid cultivars PR46W15, PR46W31, DK Exquisite and Extend. The cultivar PR46W15 both times yielded the highest of all tested cultivars. The most damaging disease symptoms were observed on population cultivar Katabatic; this cultivar was also among the lowest yielding. The example of Extend – the cultivar containing with Rlm7 resistance gene, showed that a low number or lack of stem canker symptoms does not guarantee of the highest seed yield.
Authors and Affiliations
Andrzej Brachaczek, Joanna Kaczmarek, Tomasz Kosiada, Małgorzata Jędryczka
Keywords
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