Patterns of electrolyte abnormalities in children 0-15 years of age admitted to Pediatric Emergency and Intensive Care Units of a Tertiary Hospital
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) - Year 2017, Vol 17, Issue 2
Abstract
Electrolyte abnormalities occur in a variety of conditions and may remain unrecognized and result in morbidity and mortality irrespective of the primary problem. We studied the pattern of electrolyte abnormalities and their outcome in hospitalized children. To study the pattern of electrolyte abnormalities in children admitted to pediatric emergency and intensive care units with underlying medical illness. This was institution based, prospective observational study which was conducted at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Teaching Hospital, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health from March 1, 2017 to September30, 2017. Among 384 children 173 (45.1%) developed electrolyte abnormalities. Among the total study subjects 89 (23.2%) developed hyponatremia and 64 (16.7%) hypernatremia. Hypokalemia was observed in 85 children (22.1%), hyperkalemia in 43 children (11.2%). The most common cause of hyponatremia was cardiovascular diseases 23(25.8%), renal abnormality 19(21.3%) and central nervous system problem 17(19.2%). Hypernatremia contributed to long hospital stay AOR 2.1, 95%CI 0.99-4.47 and significant mortality AOR 3.3, 95%CI 1.07-10.62. Eight times increase in mortality was observed in hyperkalemic children AOR 8.12, 95%CI 2.44-26.96. Electrolyte abnormalities are common in children admitted to the emergency and intensive care units with an underlying medical illness and contribute to significant morbidity and mortality. Preventive measures in high risk patients and early treatment would decrease morbidity and mortality.
Authors and Affiliations
Girma Elala*, Damte Shimelis
Keywords
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- EP ID EP362965
- DOI 10.9790/0853-1702091216
- Views 160
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