Perinatal factors associated with autistic spectrum disorder
Journal Title: Paediatrica Indonesiana - Year 2014, Vol 54, Issue 3
Abstract
Background The prevalence of autistic spectrum disorder(ASD) has increased in recent decades. The definitive causesof ASD have yet to be recognized. Howevei; it is believed thatboth genetic and non-genetic, as well as perinatal and post natalfactors influence ASD. Previous studies have shown inconsistentfindings.Objectives To assess for prematurity, birth weight, asphyxia,mode of delivery, bleeding during pregnancy, parental age andeducation, as prognostic factors for ASD.Methods We conducted a cross sectional study at schools forautistic children in Yogyakarta between February 2011 to October2012. The inclusion criteria were children with and without ASD,whose parents consented to participate in this study. Childrenwith genetic abnormalities or who planned to move away duringthe study period were excluded. A total of 48 subjects with ASDand 96 subjects without ASD were involved in this study. Datawere obtained by direct interview using questionnaires. Logisticregression analysis was performed to examine the hypoth esis.Results Multivariate analysis showed that prematurity was nota significant prognostic factor (RR 2.73; 95%CI 0.3 to 15.7) forASD. Howevei; children born by Caesarean section were 5.4 timesmore likely to have ASD (RR 5.4; 95%CI 1.3 to 22.8) comparedto those who were delivered vaginally or by vacuum extraction.Moreovet; asphyxia was also a significant prognostic factor forASD (RR 8.7; 95%CI 1.9 to 38.6) .Conclusion Prematurity is not a risk factor for ASD. Asphyxiaand Caesarean birth should be considered as potential confoundersin this study.
Authors and Affiliations
Asri Yuniastuti, Tunjung Wibowo, Djauhar Ismail
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP458719
- DOI 10.14238/pi54.3.2014.144-8
- Views 71
- Downloads 0
Preoperative intralesional injection of triamcinolone acetonide for a large head and neck lymphangioma in a baby: a case report
Lymphangiomas (LMs) are uncommon congenital malformations of the lymphatic system, with an estimated incidence of one in 2,000 to 4,000 live births.1 About half of these lesions are diagnosed at birth, and by two years o...
Serum vitamin D and vitamin D receptor gene FokI polymorphisms in children with tuberculosis
Background Vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms are strongly associated with tuberculosis (TB) susceptibility in countries with four seasons. As a country with sufficient sunlight for vita...
Depression in children with thalassemia major: prevalence and contributing factors
Background Thalassemia major is a chronic disease requiring lifetime treatment. A recent study showed that 11-62% of thalassemia patients developed depression, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Under...
Exposure to cow’s milk as a prognostic factor for atopic dermatitis during the first three months of life
Background The incidence of atopic dermatitis has increased inthe early life of children. Cow's milk, the first foreign protein towhich infants are exposed, is predicted to be a prognostic factorof atopic dermatitis.Obje...
Lactobacillus probiotics for treating functional dyspepsia in children
Background Functional dyspepsia is a common gastrointestinal disorder in school-aged children, though, there is no reliable treatment. Probiotics are live microorganisms administered in adequate amounts to confer benefic...