Підбір індикаторних видів рослин і грибів з метою оцінки трансформації біосистеми (на прикладі грабових лісів) (Screening indicator species of plant and fungi to assess of biological systems transformation (the case of hornbeam forests))
Journal Title: Питання біоіндикації та екології - Year 2018, Vol 23, Issue 2
Abstract
In the course of complex systematic studies in order to assess the transformation of biosystems, selection of indicator species of sample phytocoenosis of hornbeam forests under different transformation conditions has been conducted. This was aimed to detect the changes of the studied sample sites, taking into account climatic, edaphic and anthropogenic influences. The Kaniv Nature Reserve and Park «Feofaniya», were selected as sample sites for the analysis of the biotic diversity of the most preserved coenoses of hornbeam forests on the protected areas of the association Galeobdoloni lutei-Carpinetum Shevchyk et al. 1996. The estimation of both sites allowed to allocate indicators of the natural type of communities that reflects the diversity of the most important biological components – aboriginal background species, rare, alien species of plants and animals, and species of vascular plants with a narrow ecological amplitude. Only two types of vascular plants are included in the Red Data Book of Ukraine: Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz, Lathyrus venetus (Mill.) Wohlf. and one species of fungi – Polyporus umbellatus (Pers.) Fr. was detected. During the investigated period six alien plant species were recorded: Impatiens parviflora DC., Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers., Lamium purpureum L., Solidago gigantea Ait., Urtica dioica L., Xanthoxalis stricta (L.) Small. Two alien species of aphyllophoroid fungi were registered in Ukraine: Ganoderma resinaceum (Boudier) Patouillard and Pycnoporellus fulgens (Fr.) Donk, which were found in five natural areas of the country. However, these fungi were not detected within all sample sites. Thus, instead of being alien species, we considered them indicator species of mechanical damage (Bjerkandera adusta (Willd.) P. Karst., Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.) Pat., Schizophyllum commune Fr.) and anthropogenic impact on the forest (Phlebia tremellosa (Schrad.) Nakasone et Burds., Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd). Estimation of the block of characteristic species by ecological factors using phytoindycation scales showed that the vast majority of species in the floristic composition are mesophytes, hemihydrocontrastophobes, subacidophils, semievtrophs, hemiarthophobes, submesotherms. The largest number of stenotope species is indicated in relation to two factors: edafic (soil moisture variability) and climatic (humidity), which suggests that they are limiting environmental factors for the formation of the type of forest under study. Для оцінки стану та трансформації біосистем проведено підбір індикаторних видів модельних фітоценозів грабових лісів Канівського природного заповідника і Парку-пам'ятки садово-паркового мистецтва «Феофанія». В результаті дослідження виділено види-індикатори природного типу ценозів: аборигенні фонові, рідкісні (Червона книга України), чужорідні види рослин і грибів та стенотопні судинні види рослин. Проведений аналіз за видами-індикаторами як рослин, так і афілофороїдних грибів, показав вищий рівень фіторізноманітності, раритетності та стійкості до чужорідних видів грабових лісів Канівського заповідника.
Authors and Affiliations
Н. А. Пашкевич, О. М. Іваненко, Ю. Г. Березніченко (Nataliуa Pashkevich, Oleksandra Ivanenko, Juliуa Bereznichenko)
Keywords
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- EP ID EP519843
- DOI 10.26661/2312-2056/2018-23/2-01
- Views 108
- Downloads 0
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