Potential neurotoxic effect of ethylene glycol ethers mixtures.
Journal Title: Pharmacological Reports - Year 2013, Vol 65, Issue 5
Abstract
Background: Ethylene glycol ethers (EGEs) are widely used as mixtures in various industrial processes and in many household products. 2-Methoxyethanol and 2-ethoxyethanol primarily exert gonadotoxic effect, while 2-butoxyethanol and 2-isopropoxyethanol have potent hemolytic activity. EGEs can cross the blood-brain barrier, but their potential neurodegenerative action in vivo has not been investigated, yet. In the present work, we examined potential adverse effects of EGEs on some selected brain structures. Methods: A mixture of two compounds: one with stronger hydrophilic properties (2-methoxyethanol or 2-ethoxyethanol) and the second more lipophilic (2-butoxyethanol or 2-isopropoxyethanol) were administered sc for 4 weeks. Total antioxidant capacity, lipid peroxidation and caspase-3 activity were determined in the frontal cortex and hippocampus. Results: It has been found that 4-week administration of a mixture of two EGEs, with various intensity, decreased total antioxidant capacity, enhanced lipid peroxidation and increased caspase-3 activity in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of Wistar rat. Conclusion: The obtained results suggested that EGEs exerted adverse effects on the CNS cells and may contribute in pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders.
Authors and Affiliations
Bartosz Pomierny, Andrzej Starek, Weronika Krzyżanowska, Beata Starek-Swiechowicz, Irena Smaga, Lucyna Pomierny-Chamioło, Magdalena Regulska, Bogusława Budziszewska
Tropane alkaloids as medicinally useful natural products and their synthetic derivatives as new drugs.
Secondary metabolites of Solanaceae plants, sharing tropane skeleton as a common structural feature, are sharply divided into two classes: tropine and ecgonine derivatives. The first group, represented by well known alka...
Macrophages and depression - a misalliance or well-arranged marriage?
Depression is a severe medical condition with multiple manifestations and diverse, largely unknown etiologies. The immune system, particularly macrophages, plays an important role in the pathology of the illness. Macroph...
Basic mechanisms of antiepileptic drugs and their pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic interactions: an update.
This article aims to summarize the current views of AED action and the promising new targets for the pharmacotherapy of epilepsy. In the first section of this paper, a neurobiological basis of epilepsy treatment and brie...
Welcome address.
New derivative of staphylokinase SAK-RGD-K2-Hirul exerts thrombolytic effects in the arterial thrombosis model in rats.
SAK-RGD-K2-Hir and SAK-RGD-K2-Hirul are recombinant proteins that are derivatives of r-SAK (recombinant staphylokinase). They are characterized by their fibrin-specific plasminogen activation properties and their antithr...