Preliminary Studies on Urinary Schistosomiasis in Selected Communities in Itu Local Government Area, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS) - Year 2018, Vol 13, Issue 6
Abstract
Preliminary study on urinary schistosomiasis was carried out in five selected communities of Itu Local Government Area- Akwa Ibom State. A total of 400 urine samples were collected and analyzed by microscopy using sedimentation method to concentrate the eggs in urine. Structured questionnaire was used to determine the level of awareness about the disease by the residents of the communities, and was analysed using the Chi-square. Out of all the urine samples examined, 8(2.00%) were positive to Schistosoma haematobium. Although more females (2.51%) were infected than the males (1.49%), the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). There were differences in prevalence rate in the communities; Odiok (0.00%), Mbiabong (0.25%), Ntak Inyang (0.38%), Ibiaku (0.38%), and Ayadehe (0.00%), it was not significant (P > 0.05). A total of 190 snail vectors comprising of Bulinus species (13.68%), Biomphalaria species (33.12%) and Lymnaea species (53.12%) were obtained. None of the vectors of schistosomiasis was infected, but Lymnaea species (45.54%) was infected. The physico-chemical parameters of the water bodies included pH (5.7-6.1), DO (3.0mg/L-7.0mg/L), Temperature (31.3oC-31.6oC), BOD (1.8mgO2/L-5.8mgO2/L), Salinity (0.02o/oo-0.03o/oo), Conductivity (39µS/cm-59µS/cm), Turbidity (0.8NTU-4.9NTU) and Total Dissolved Solids (28mg/L-42mg/L). The water quality played a major role in snail abundance and infectivity. All other parameters were within the acceptable limits for snail abundance, except temperature and dissolved oxygen and therefore influenced the survival of the vectors. This study has therefore revealed that temperature and dissolved oxygen significantly plays a part in the abundance and infectivity of the vectors of schistosomiasis, which invariably influences the infection rate. From the results, urinary schistosomiasis has a low prevalent rate in these communities.
Authors and Affiliations
Ebong N. E. , Abah A. E.
Keywords
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