Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of pseudomonas aeruginosa in urinary tract infections in a Tertiary care hospital, Central Kerala: A retrospective study over 4 years
Journal Title: Pathology Update: Tropical Journal of Pathology and Microbiology - Year 2018, Vol 4, Issue 1
Abstract
Background and Objective: Pseudomons aeruginosa (P.aeruginosa) is an important uropathogenthat has shown varied antibiotic susceptibility patterns. This study aims to findout the changing trends in theprevalenceand antibiotic susceptibility patterns ofurinary isolates of P.aeruginosa over four consecutive years. Methodology: A retrospective, record based study was conducted on all culture and sensitivity (C/S) reports ofurine samples obtained in the microbiology lab in a tertiary care centre, Central Kerala (January 2014 -December 2017). The C/S reports which were positive for significant growth of P.aeruginosawere analyzed to findout its prevalence andantibiotic susceptibility patterns. Descriptive statistics was used for data analysisand the results wereexpressed in percentages. Result: Out of total 6622 urine samples received (14%) showed significant bacteriuria. P.aeruginosa was the third most common uropathogen isolated with an isolation rate of 3.5%. The antibiotic resistance observedwere Gentamicin (53.1%), Amikacin (28%), Cefipime (28%), Ceftazidime (34.4%), Ciprofloxacin (43.7%), Norfloxacin (40.6%), Ofloxacin (40.6%), Piperacillin (37.5%), Piperacilli-Tazobactam (25%) and Imipenem (28%). The isolation rates of P.aeruginosa were 3.9%, 2.6%, 4.5 % and 2.9% in 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017 respectively and overthe years it maintained its third position.The year wise analysis of antibiotic resistance showed fluctuating pattern except Amikacin,Cefipime and Fluoroquinoles which displayed a decreasingtrend. The reserve drugs like Piperacillin –tazobactam and Imipenem showed alarming drug resistance, although a hopeful reduction in the resistance was noted in 2017. Conclusion: P.aeruginosa remains as a common uropathogen. Drug resistant strains are markedly high in our area. Antibiotic resistance of P.aeruginosado not show a consistent trend over years and vary from region to region. Soeach institution should have an antibiotic policy based on the local antibiogram which is to be renewed regularly.Instead of opting for higher antibioticseach time, strict implementation of restrictive and rotational antibiotic policies and adherence to the concept of ‘Reserve drugs” should be followed. This is the only modality to inhibit the emergence of resistance strains of all uropathogens especially opportunistic pathogens like P.aeruginosa.
Authors and Affiliations
Regha I R
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP336702
- DOI 10.17511/jopm.2018.i1.09.
- Views 105
- Downloads 0
Semen analysis in smokers and non-smokers
Background: Semen analysis still remains as a simple, cost effective screening test for evaluation of male in fertility clinic, which provides information on quantitative and qualitative aspects of testicular function. E...
A study of neoplastic study of gastrointestinal tumors
Background: Gastrointestinal tumors account for a large proportion of all neoplasms. The tumors of the Gastrointestinal tract pose a major problem in oncology and also are a major cause of apprehension in patient with th...
Role of imprint cytology and frozen section in the diagnosis of tumours
Introduction: Imprint cytology is an economical, simple and quick method with excellent cytological clarity but cannot provide information on the depth of invasion. Frozen section is the standard method of intraoperative...
Nodular lymphoid hyperplasia: A thin grey zone between hyperplasia and Pathological aggregate
Introduction: The clinical-pathological characteristics of 12 patients with intestinal nodular lymphoid hyperplasia (NLH) are described with the aim to try and delineate between hyperplasia and pathological aggregate of...
A Retrospective study of 130 cases in all age group presented with palpable head and neck swelling
Introduction: FNAC is a simple, quick, inexpensive and minimally invasive technique for early diagnosis of palpable lesions in Head and neck. It is usually performed in outpatient department with nearly no complications....