Prevalence of asymptomatic malaria parasitaemia during pregnancy and its effect on foetal birth weight
Journal Title: International Journal of Current Research and Review - Year 2017, Vol 9, Issue 5
Abstract
Background: Pregnant women in endemic area may experience malaria infection without clinical symptoms. Its effects on the neonatal outcomes mayalso occur in this asymptomatic state. Objective: To determine the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria parasitaemia in pregnancy and the relationship between the level of malaria parasitaemia and foetal birth weight. Materials And Methods: A total of 290 asymptomatic paturients and their babies were recruited over 4 months with informed consent. The maternal, placenta and cord blood samples were obtained and examined for level of malaria parasitaemia. New-borns were weighed and classified as normal birth weight (≥2500 g) or LBW (<2500 g).Pearson correlation was used to determine the relationship between the levels of malaria parasitaemia and birth weights. Student’s t and Pearson chi-square tests were used to compare means and percentages. Results: The prevalence of malaria parasitaemia was 32.8%, 31% and 24.1% in the maternal, placental and cord blood smear respectively. The prevalence of low birth weight was 12.1% with women with malaria delivered more LBW babies (31.6%) than their uninfected counterparts (2.6%) (p=0.006). However, correlation showed a weak positive correlation between the levels of maternal parasitaemia(r = 0.163; p=0.504) and cord blood parasitaemia(r = 0.244; p = 0.400) but weak negative correlation with the level of placental parasitaemia (r = 0.135; p= 0.598) and foetal birth weight which were not statistically significant. Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between the level of malaria parasitaemia and birth weight in asymptomatic parturients. However, the main impact on pregnancy outcome was the higher prevalence of LBW.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Olorunfemi O. Owa
Keywords
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