PREVALENCE OF CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE TOXIN IN DIARRHOEAL STOOL SAMPLES OF PATIENTS FROM A GENERAL HOSPITAL IN EASTERN PROVINCE, SAUDI ARABIA
Journal Title: International Journal of Medical Research & Health Sciences (IJMRHS) - Year 2014, Vol 3, Issue 2
Abstract
Introduction: Clostridium difficile is anaerobic spore- forming bacillus, produces two major toxins (Tcd A and Tcd B). Disease caused by toxigenic C.difficile (Tcd) varies from mild diarrhea to fulminant disease and death. Aims and Objectives: - This study describes the prevalence of C.difficile toxins (CDT) in stool samples from in patients and outpatients of all age groups. Materials and Methods:- A total of 146 samples were examined from 2011 to 2012 were analyzed for the presence of CDT tests, DNA amplification test, and the stool samples were cultured anaerobically on CCFA selective medium for growth- Morphology, identification and other tests. The patient’s details are collected from the medical records. Results: - Out of 146 specimens, only 20 (13.7%) were positive for C.difficile toxins. Male and female were 12 (60%) and 8(40%) respectively, with the majority of them aged between 16 to 71 years. Majority of them were from out patient units (n = 5, 25%) with rest from intensive care units (n = 3, 15%), male medical ward (n =3, 15%) and surgical wards (n = 1, 5%). All the CDT positive patients had history of prior antibiotic usage before the detection of toxin. Mean duration of antibiotic usage was a 16.75 (±12.75) days, and the mean duration of diarrhea was 4.21 (±4.85) days, 16 patients had underlying medical illness, like hypertension, diabetic mellitus etc; Stool with pus cells and occult blood test was positive among that 18 patients were positive for CDT. The hospitalized patient duration was 20.96 (±16.25) days. Conclusion: - The detection of CDT in the diagnosis of CDI requires vigilance by both clinician and microbiologist to look out for possible infected patients. Antibiotic usage is a known risk factor; thus restricted use of antibiotics may results the reduction of CDI.
Authors and Affiliations
Sue Elizabeth Shajan| PhD Scholar, Dept of Microbiology, School of life Sciences, Karpagam University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India & Currently affiliated to Department of Microbiology, Al Mana General Hospital, Al Jubail, Saudi Arabia, Corresponding author email: sueshajan@gmail.com, sueshajan@yahoo.com, Mohammed Faisal Hashim| Department of Medicine, Al Mana General Hospital, Al Jubail, Saudi Arabia, Michael A| Department of Microbiology, PSG College of Arts& Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP11163
- DOI 10.5958/j.2319-5886.3.2.064
- Views 310
- Downloads 15
GASTROSCHISIS: RECENT TRENDS, EMBRYOLOGY, MATERNAL AND INFANT RISK FACTORS
The term gastroschisis is derived from the Greek word laproschisis, meaning “bellycleft.†It was used in the 19th and early 20th centuries by teratologists to designate all abdominal wall defects. Gastroschisis occu...
The Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of a Middle-Eastern University Hospital Remained Susceptible to Carbapenems in 2015
The incidence of the carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria is on the rise. They are common in intensive care units (ICUs) and have the potential to cause outbreaks. Currently, there are limited data regarding this...
Evaluation of Microbial Contamination in two of Hospitals in Kermanshah Province, Western Iran
Nosocomial infections are infections that are not present in the patient at the time of admission to hospital but develop during the course of the stay in the hospital. Nosocomial infection, is a serious health center p...
CLINICO-PATHOLOGICAL PROFILE IN THE INFANTS AND CHILDREN IN DENGUE 2012 EPIDEMIC, KOLKATA
Background: Dengue fever (DF) is responsible for cyclical and frequent epidemic in different parts of India in its varieties of presentations. In 1992 large number of children died of Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Aim...
STUDY OF PRESCRIBING PATTERN OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS IN AN IPD OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN AHMEDNAGAR
Objectives: To evaluate the pattern of use of Antimicrobial drugs in IPD patients admitted for various illnesses. Materials and Methods: It is a retrospective and observational study, conducted during the period of Janu...