Prevalence of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and its Association with Diabetic Nephropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Journal Title: Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research - Year 2017, Vol 11, Issue 5
Abstract
Introduction: Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) are two common problems affecting global health as these two conditions can influence each other. There is very little information about the possible association between NAFLD and diabetic microvascular complications such as diabetic nephropathy. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of NAFLD in patients with T2DM and to investigate the association between NAFLD and diabetic nephropathy in these patients. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 255 patients with T2DM, with minimum age being 30 years. Hepatic ultrasonography using a 3.5 MHz probe was performed in all subjects. Fatty liver based on standard criteria was diagnosed with liver brightness, contrast between the echogenicity of the liver, kidneys and the blood vessels fading rate. Screening for microalbuminuria was performed by the preferred method, measurement of the Urine Albumin-ToCreatinine (UACR) ratio in a random spot collection. Results: In this study, 255 patients with T2DM were enrolled of which 173 (68%) were females and 82 (32%) were males. Of these 221 subjects (86.66%) had NAFLD. Diabetic nephropathy was observed among 33% of individuals, microalbuminuria among 32% and macroalbuminuria in 10% of all individuals. Duration of diabetes, Body Mass Index (BMI), hypertriglyceridemia, and HbA1c were significantly associated with incidence of NAFLD. Also, duration of diabetes and HbA1c were significantly associated with diabetic nephropathy in patients with T2DM. Conclusion: NAFLD in patients with T2DM is extremely common. NAFLD is not considered as a risk factor for diabetic nephropathy. To better understand the pathogenesis of NAFLD and its causal relationship with complications of diabetes such as diabetic nephropathy, prospective studies and long term follow up are needed.
Authors and Affiliations
Zahra Heidari, Atiyeh Gharebaghi
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP342458
- DOI 10.7860/JCDR/2017/25931.9823
- Views 68
- Downloads 0
Elevation of Oxidative Stress and Decline in Endogenous Antioxidant Defense in Elderly Individuals with Hypertension
Introduction: Hypertension is becoming an important medical and public health problem all over the world and is the most common disorder of ageing. There is a growing evidence of involvement of vascular oxidative stress...
New Vision for Improving the Oral Health Education of Visually Impaired Children- A Non Randomized Control Trial
Introduction: Visually impaired people have poorer oral hygiene when compared to others. Therefore, there is a necessity for individual training by making awareness in oral care and plaque control so as to improve their...
A Randomized Placebo- Controlled Double Blind Clinical Trial of Quercetin in the Prevention and Treatment of Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis
Introduction: Oral Mucositis (OM) is a serious complication of chemotherapy that results in painful debilitating inflammation that sometimes ends in interruption of treatment. Aim: The study evaluated the effect of querc...
Combined Thrombophilia in a Young Male Presenting as Life Threatening Pulmonary Embolism
Combined hereditary thrombophilia is an uncommon entity associated with higher risk of early onset thrombosis. We report a case of 39-year-old male with combined deficiency of natural anticoagulants (protein C, S and ant...
A Case of Undiagnosed Diabetes Mellitus with Alcohol Dependence Presenting as Epilepsia Partialis Continua
Non-Ketotic Hyperglycaemia (NKH) or hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state is a rare cause of Epilepsia Partialis Continua (EPC) or any other types of seizures. However, it poses a diagnostic challenge when a previously undia...