PROBLEMS OF MUTUAL UNDERSTANDING IN MULTICULTURAL COUNSELLING
Journal Title: Наука і освіта - Year 2015, Vol 0, Issue 11
Abstract
The article deals with the main problems of psychological counselling which are determined by the lack of systemic and thorough work aimed at helping migrants and citizens of Russia, who change their place of residence and come into another ethnocultural environment. These problems are deepened in the case of redistribution of wealth and resources, interaction between different religions, confessions, people of different age and social groups. Consequently, the main aim of the article is to study the opportunities and restrictions of mutual understanding in cross-cultural psychological counselling within different hypothetical models. There is the analysis of problems of formation and development of mutual understanding in multicultural consulting, different approaches and hypotheses of multicultural counselling (the Universalist hypothesis and the hypothesis of congruence), conditions of its productivity, as well as the main effects. A scientific literature review has proved the importance of multicultural competence, multicultural sensitivity and multicultural tolerance of a consultant. The basic conditions of consultants’’ work productivity are professional and ethnocultural (cultural) competence. There is no doubt that any consultant should have these qualities and develop them in a client – it is directly connected with their general psychosocial competence and personal maturity: orientation in trends and phenomena which are universal for a human, interaction with society, other people, themselves in different professional and non-professional situations. For a client the basic conditions of success, except the above mentioned ones, are their “experience”, competence in transformative psychological interaction. The general (common) condition of the successful contact of help is the ability of a consultant and a client to make a dialogue and understand each other, communicate “helpfully” and create conditions in which the fullest and deepest understanding of others and themselves (as a professional and a client; as representatives of different ethnic groups; as people) is possible. The necessity of building relationships of mutual understanding has been mentioned, possibilities and limitations of different strategies have been examined. It is concluded that the main problems and prospects of researches on mutual understanding between a consultant and a client in the context of multicultural counselling are connected with the study of causes and consequences of underestimation and revaluation of cultural specificity and diversity, the search and description of systems specific for cultures of different types of traits and the identification of transcultural “universals” of the consultative process. The main directions of future studies on mutual understanding between the consultant and the client in the context of multicultural counselling have been outlined.
Authors and Affiliations
Mariam Arpentieva
Keywords
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