Profile of Amblyopia In Patients Attending Out Patient Department In A Tertiary Health Care Centre, Goa
Journal Title: Chettinad Health City Medical Journal - Year 2018, Vol 7, Issue 1
Abstract
Background: Childhood blindness is one of the priorities in Vision 2020: the right to sight. Amblyopia is one of the causes of avoidable childhood blindness and is caused by opacities of the ocular media, occlusion, strabismus, anisometropia, and uncorrected high refractive errors.Along with appropriate intervention the visual impairment as a result of it can be reduced. Aim: The objective of the research was to study the profile of amblyopia in patients attending outpatient department in a tertiary health care centre, Goa Setting: Tertiary Health Care Centre , Goa ( Goa Medical College). Design: Cross- sectional Study. Methodology: The study was carried out over a period of three months and a total of 720 patients were screened in the age group of 5 to 15 years. A detailed ophthalmological examination was carried out and any organic cause of visual impairment ( 6/12 or more) was ruled out. Those patients who were already under treatment for amblyopia were excluded from the study. METHOD OF STATISTICAL ANALYSIS - Chi Square Qualitative Test for different proportions Result: The total percentage of amblyopia was 3.47%, with insignificant gender predisposition. The percentage of amblyopia was higher in the age group 0f 10 -15 years as compared to 5 -10 years though not statistically significant. The proportion of unilateral amblyopia (88%) was greater than bilateral amblyopia (12%). The most common type of Amblyopia was Anisometropic (40%), followed by Strabismic (36%). Most patients presented with moderate Visual Impairment (44%). Conclusion: Refractive errors are the most important cause of amblyopia followed by strabismus. Amblyopia not only causes visual morbidity but also has psychological and social impact in adulthood as most individuals are deprived of career opportunities that require binocular vision. Hence the need of the hour for institution of school screening programs for detection of amblyopia.
Authors and Affiliations
Naomi D'costa, Ugam PSU
Keywords
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