Profile of Keratoconus in Selected Eye Clinics, Accra: A Retrospective Study
Journal Title: Ophthalmology and Vision Science - Year 2016, Vol 1, Issue 1
Abstract
Background: Keratoconus is an ectatic corneal dystrophy characterized by conical bulging of the paracentral cornea with progressive thinning and scarring resulting in painless loss of vision. It is prevalent among all races with a prevalence of about 1 per 2000 in the general population. Very few studies have been conducted on keratoconus in African countries such as Ghana. The purpose of this study was to determine the profile of keratoconus in selected eye clinics in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. Method: Medical records of patients who visited the selected eye clinics from the year 2010 to 2015 were reviewed. Information on gender, age at diagnosis, place of residence, mode of referral, visual symptoms at the initial hospital presentation, keratometry readings, entrance visual acuity, management and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was recorded. Data was entered and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. Analysis was done at a 95% confidence level. Results: A total of 78 medical records were reviewed. The condition was found to manifest in the early 20 and was more common and severe in males than females with a male to female ratio of 3:1. Most hospital referrals were done by optometrists with the most common visual symptom being reduced/blurred vision. Contact lenses improved vision the most, followed by spectacles and then penetrating keratoplasty (PKP). Conclusion: Optical corrections (spectacles and contact lenses) continue to play a predominant role in the management of keratoconus as compared to penetrating keratoplasty.
Authors and Affiliations
Nelson-Ayifah D, Kobia-Acquah E, Abdul-Sadik A, Kumah DB, Ankamah E
Keywords
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