Removal of Nitrate from Water by Chitosan, Clay and Activated Carbon as Adsorbents: A Mini Review
Journal Title: International Journal of engineering Research and Applications - Year 2017, Vol 7, Issue 10
Abstract
Nitrate contamination in the drinking water has posed threat to human healthfrom decades, which has attracted many novel techniques for its removal over theyears. Nitrate transforms into nitrite, increasing toxicity of the water to cause healthimpact. Adsorption of nitrate onto Activated Carbon, Chitosan and Organoclays hasbeen studies in this study. The surface modification and chemical activation of theselected adsorbents have proved to be reliable in efficient nitrate removal. Effects ofvariables such as pH, contact time, initial concentration, adsorbent concentration,selectivity of ion exchange, adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics on nitrateadsorption have been reviewed. The Pillared Bentonite clay composed primarily of Na+montmorillonite, with cation exchange capacity of 115 c mole / kg was used withmodification by zero valent iron and cationic surfactant which showed high porevolume, large specific surface area and simultaneous reduction of nitrate. The activated carbon prepared by sugar beet bagasse and the commercially availableone, have been tested with modifying it by alkaline and cationic surfactant for nitrateremoval. Increment of the functional groups on the surface of adsorbent has beenobserved to be the key for efficient nitrate removal. Chitosan has been regarded as effective biosorbent. Particle diffusion in the adsorption process is the controllingstep for nitrate uptake by the hydro-beads prepared by chitosan. The chitosanshowed high reusability traits and was cost effective over activated carbon andorganoclays.
Authors and Affiliations
Rakshitha R, Yashas S R
Keywords
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- EP ID EP392573
- DOI 10.9790/9622-0710054651.
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