Rozwój miasta Daugavpils w perspektywie militarnej i gospodarczej
Journal Title: Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Sztuki Wojennej - Year 2011, Vol 2011, Issue 3
Abstract
The article presents the aspects of socio-economic situation of Daugavpils and main points concerning its development. Daugavpils is a city in the south-east of Latvia. Russian Federation, Belarus and Lithuania are its close neighbours. Changes that occurred in Daugavpils in the 19th and 20th centuries are observed and analysed in the military and economic context. The main problem of the article deals with relations between local development and military units and also, military events in the history of the city. Daugavpils was founded by Ernst von Rassburg of the Teutonic Order in the 13th century. Its history is connected with Poland, Russia and Germany. In the 19th and 20th centuries, Daugavpils was a fortress city on the border between the Rus-sian Empire and later, the Soviet Union. Economic development was enhanced thanks the presence of Petersburg-Daugavpils-Warsaw and Riga-Daugavpils-Orel railway connections. This was the main factor enabling the development of industry and trade. After the First World War the city lost many of its residents. They migrated mainly into Russia, because they wanted to save their lives and property. Many lost their lives at the front. In 1919 Latvia gained a status of an independent state and maintained it till the Second World War. At that time the Latvian Republic’s Zemgale division was stationed in the fortress. From 1940 to 1941 it was a unit of the Red Army and from 1941 to 1944 German forces occupied the fortress. During the Second World War it was a camp for prisoners - Stalag - 340 and ghetto for the Jews. From 1948 to 1992 Higher Technical Aviation School was located there. Nowadays Daugavpils fortress is an architectural monument of state ’s value and it needs investment to renovate the buildings and commune infrastructure as well as cohesive land management. Experts who have prepared Daugavpils strategy underline that the city should concentrate on developing the services associated with culture, tourism and recreation for society. So, one of the possibilities can involve the transformation of inactive resource - the fortress - into the active one, which will promote the development of historical tourism and thus, the city itself.
Authors and Affiliations
Marzena Piotrowska-Trybull
Keywords
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