Shea Butter (Vitellaria paradoxa) Biodiesel
Journal Title: JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN BIOTECHNOLOGY - Year 2014, Vol 4, Issue 3
Abstract
Shea butter was pretreated with sulphuric acid to convert the free fatty acids to esters and then transesterified to biodiesel using methanol and sodium hydroxide as catalyst. The oil, biodiesel, 10% and 20% blends with diesel were characterized according to ASTM and EN protocols for biodiesel. The fatty acid profile of the oil and biodiesel were analyzed using HP 6890 Gas Chromatography analyzer fitted with a flame ionization detector. From the results obtained, the properties of the biodiesel are by and large within the ASTM limits for biodiesel and the saturation to unsaturation ratio is 0.87 which gives a good balance of properties. The mineral contents are also within the ASTM limits for biodiesel. From the results obtained, it was concluded that the biodiesel can be used as alternative fuel for diesel engines.
Authors and Affiliations
Emmanuel I. Bello, A Mamman
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP653887
- DOI 10.24297/jbt.v4i3.4999
- Views 74
- Downloads 0
Probiotic microorganisms involved in cassava fermentation for Gari and Attiéképroduction
Several fermented foods and beverages for human nutritionthat incorporate lactic acid bacteria and others beneficial microorganisms are produced throughout the world. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are widely distributed in...
In Silico Characterization of Ageratum Enation Virus, Ageratum Leaf Curl Betasatellite and Marigold Leaf Curl Alphasatellite Infecting an Important Ornamental Plant Marigold (Tagetes Patula) in Indian Subcontinent.
Ornamental plants act as an alternate host of begomoviruses and its associated satellite molecules in the absence of main crop. Marigold (Tagetes patula) an important ornamental plant, widely cultivated in India were fou...
C-phycocyanin from Arthrospira maxima LJGR1: production, extraction and protection
C-phycocyanin (C-PC) overproduced by Arthrospira maxima LJGR1 under high urea and salt concentrations was extracted by different methods and evaluated as an antioxidant activity. A. maxima was grown in flat plate photobi...
METABOLIC ADAPTATION STRATEGY USING Zymomonas mobilis CP4 CELLS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SECOND GENERATION ETHANOL
During the past few decades, considerable effort has been made to utilize agricultural and forest residues as biomass feedstock for the production of bioethanol as an alternative fuel. The bacterium Zymomonas mobilis was...
Development, Optimisation, Validation and Inter-Laboratory Verification of a Reversed Phase HPLC Method for Quantification of Human Recombinant Insulin
HPLC methods for insulin in official monographs require extended runtimes and elevated temperatures. Inter-laboratory reproducibility of HPLC methods obtained from published literature is an on-going challenge, moreso fo...