Studies and synthesis of new drugs formed with fluoroquinolones and metal ions
Journal Title: International Journal of Life Science - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 2
Abstract
The present article is focused on studies carried on fluoroquinolone metal complexes, their generalized procedures for synthesis of novel fluoroquinolones metal complexes and their anti-microbial properties. Fluoroquinolones, which are categorized as antibacterial agents are a class of type-II topoisomerase (DNA gyrase) inhibitors. These have been successfully used as antibiotics from the past several decades and the foremost drug being used is the nalidixic acid, which has its major role in cure of urinary tract infections. Typically, these fluoroquinolones are termed as 4- quinolones having fluorine atom at position 6 and a piperazine ring at position 7 of quinolone -3- carboxylic acid. Also, the presence of fluorine atom attached to quinolone ring helps to increase pharmacological properties, increases the bioavailability of the drug and enhanced membrane penetration. The synthesis procedure involves the addition and elimination reactions between aniline or aniline derivatives and ethyl ethoxymethylenemalonate. The obtained intermediate product undergoes thermal cyclization to yield 4- quinolone system. However, the use of these flouroquinolones faced an obstacle that is the development of resistant bacteria towards quinolones. The resistance towards drug is due to amino acid substitution on the binding sites of DNA gyrase where the drug molecule interacts and inhibits the formation of bacteria DNA. This factor led to the emergence of novel drugs by formation of co-ordination complexes with various transition metals and earth metals to curb infections by these resistant bacterial strains. Quinolones form metal complexes due their binding capacity with metals. The synthesis of the complexes does not require any extreme reaction conditions rather most of the complexes have been formed by simple stirring with corresponding salts at room temperature. The antimicrobial or antibacterial activity of the synthesized fluoroquinolone compounds are tested by disk diffusion method also known commonly as agar diffusion method.
Authors and Affiliations
Ajay Kumar
Keywords
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