STUDY OF EVALUATION OF RISK FACTORS OF ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO VITAMIN D STATUS- A CASE CONTROL STUDY, DONE AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF TRIPURA
Journal Title: Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare - Year 2018, Vol 5, Issue 27
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Efforts are always there to identify predisposing risk factors associated with development of AMI so that preventive approaches can be adopted for therapeutic interventions or life style changes. This study was conceptualized to identify the responsible risk factors with AMI & to evaluate their power of association. An approach was also adopted to identify whether co-existence of deficiency of vitamin D (25(OH) D) along with the classic risk factors further endangers the population. The objectives of the study were- 1) To identify risk factors of AMI & to evaluate their power of association. 2) To estimate vitamin D level in all cases and controls and to study statistical correlation of vitamin D with classic risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS It is a case control study, where 130 cases of AMI & 130 healthy controls from patient’s attendants were included. Patients were evaluated clinically, and investigations were done to identify the classic risk factors. Simultaneously vitamin D (25(OH) D) level was estimated in all cases and controls. Results obtained were analysed statistically to evaluate the power of association of the risk factors. The statistical package for social science version 16 IBM Corporation was used for statistical analysis and P Value of <0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS The traditional risk factors responsible for predisposition of AMI were identified and it was studied that hyperlipidaemia is the most prevalent risk factor (62.3%) followed by hypertension (56.9%). Smoking was the next significant risk factor (52.3%). Diabetes mellitus was the fourth common risk factor (44.6%). Statistically no significant correlation was documented with alcoholism. Estimation of Odds ratio (OR) and its 95% Confidence Interval (CI) showed significant statistical correlation with the risk factors. The results showed the following: hyperlipidaemia (OR 4.1/CI 1.7-4.9), hypertension (OR 2.9/CI 1.7-4.9), smoking (OR 2.4/CI 1.4-2.0) & diabetes (OR 2.4/CI 1.4-4.1). All cases and controls underwent vitamin D estimation and were analysed statistically to document any significant correlation with the classic risk factors. The study revealed significant association of deficiency of vitamin D among smokers (P= 0.0034) indicating that smokers with deficiency of vitamin D are having increased risk of developing AMI. CONCLUSION This case control study was done to identify the risk factors associated with AMI and to study their role as a predisposing factor for development of AMI by studying their power of association. Statistically significant association was seen with hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, diabetes and smoking. There was always a search for new novel risk factors along with traditional ones and in this study, the role of deficiency of vitamin D was explored and it was seen that smokers have significantly deficient vitamin D levels which compounds further risk.
Authors and Affiliations
Arunabha Dasgupta, Mrinal Debbarma, Chinmoy Biswas
Keywords
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- EP ID EP569068
- DOI 10.18410/jebmh/2018/427
- Views 86
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