Study of Incisional Hernia in Relation to Specific Risk Factors
Journal Title: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 7
Abstract
Background: Incisional hernia is a serious post-operative complication of laparotomy. Its incidence following abdominal surgery ranges from 2% to 11%, and it accounts to 15–20% of all abdominal wall hernias. A number of predisposing factors have been identified which may be related to specific patient characteristics and underlying pathological process or iatrogenic factors. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted in 40 cases of incisional hernia in isolation or in various combinations of specific risk factors such as sex, obesity, diabetes mellitus, history of previous wound infection, the site and type of incision used, and indication for previous operations admitted in surgical unit of Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal, Telangana State, India, from June 2015 to December2017. The results were analyzed. Results: The total number of cases studied in the series is 40. In this series, incisional hernia is found to be common in third and fourth decades with 80% of females and 20% of males and female-to-male ratio is being 4:1, showing a clear predilection toward female sex. 75% of incisional hernias followed operations on female pelvic organs. 5% followed after unspecified laparotomy (lump abdomen) and 20% of cases followed after acute abdominal procedures. 75% of incisional hernias occurred through subumbilical midline incisions. Conclusion: The highest incidence of incisional hernia in the present series is between the age group of 21 and 30 years. Most of our patients were females. Multiple predisposing factors are noticed to the occurrence of incisional hernia. Operations on the female pelvic organs were the most common procedures preceding the development of incisional hernia. Obesity is a common predisposing factor. Post-operative wound infection at previous surgery seems to be a common predisposing factor. Lower midline incision appears to have a special predilection toward incisional hernia. All these factors are interrelated. The presence of more than one factor in a patient shows increased predisposition to the incidence of incisional hernia. Obese female has an increased predilection toward incisional hernia. Obesity is associated with more risk of post-operative wound infection and both resulted in an increased incidence of incisional hernia.
Authors and Affiliations
V Nagaraju, Goparaju Shanti Kumar, K Geethanjali
Keywords
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