Study on efficacy of Ondansetron and Dexamethasone combination and Ondansetron alone in prevention or reduction of Post-operative nausea and vomiting after elective surgeries
Journal Title: International Journal of Medical Science and Innovative Research (IJMSIR) - Year 2018, Vol 3, Issue 7
Abstract
The postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are well recorded recognized uncomfortable complications of anesthesia and surgery. PONV is considered as minor problem, in spite of them being the leading causes of morbidity in post operative surgical cases. The present study is designed to evaluate the efficacy of intravenous injection of ondansetron and intravenous injection of dexamethasone combination, when compared to intravenous injection of ondansetron alone in prevention or reduction of PONV in elective surgeries under general anesthesia. Prospective randomized study was carried out in 200 adult patients male and female undergoing elective surgeries under general anesthesia and where grouped into 2 groups Group-A received intravenous injection of ondansetron 4 mg. Group B received intravenous injection of ondansetron 4 mg and intravenous injection of dexamethasone 8 mg. Incidence of early nausea was statistically highly significant (p < 0.001) between the groups. 51 patients of Group A had mild nausea compared to 20 patients in Group B. 8 patients in Group A had moderate nausea compared to no patients in Group B. The difference between the groups with respect to the incidence of delayed nausea was statistically significant (p < 0.01) between two groups. Early retching was found to be significant while the difference in delayed retching between the groups was highly significant. Incidence of early vomiting was recorded non-significant, while delayed vomiting between the groups was statistically significant. From the current study we conclude that the combination therapy of intravenous injection of ondansetron 4 mg and intravenous injection of dexamethasone 8 mg before induction is safe and more effective than that of intravenous injection of ondansetron 4 mg alone in reducing the incidence of early nausea and delayed nausea and vomiting and long term prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing elective surgeries under general anesthesia. It can also be concluded that this combination therapy is safe with less adverse effects.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Mujahid Mohammed
Keywords
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