Suppressive properties of composts may be improved by microbial inoculation
Journal Title: International Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Research. - Year 2016, Vol 7, Issue 2
Abstract
ABSTRACT The use of suppressive composts instead of traditional fertilizers and pesticides is becoming more commonplace in modern agricultural biotechnology. In this study, we investigated the possibility of obtaining composts with suppressive properties from widespread agricultural wastes produced in tatarstan (russia). Straw and corn wastes, as well as chicken, cattle and swine manure were used to prepare 11 two- and three-component mixtures for further composting. It was found that mesophilic phase of composting lasted for 1 to 3 days for all the waste mixtures; the thermophilic phase lasted from 2 to 35 days, and was characterized by significant fluctuations in temperature, i.e. From 27°с to 59°с. In the initial mixture, the dissolved organic carbon (doc) content was between 10 and 62 mg kg-1; it fell significantly on day 13, and then continuously decreased up to day 102, and subsequently remained low. For all the mixtures, maximal respiration activity was observed in the beginning of composting (231.9 mg со2-сg-1). After 23 days, this parameter decreased significantly, and fluctuations subsided. The phytotoxicity of the initial compost mixtures varied from 18% (sw+sm) to 100% (cw+chm+sm, cw+chm); however, the trends in the dynamics were similar. After 120 days of composting, 5 of 11 samples were not phytotoxic, and the others were slightly toxic. After 120 days of composting, each mixture was divided into two parts; one was inoculated with a biopreparation consisting of four microbial strains (trichoderma asperellum t203, pseudomonas putida pcl1760, pseudomonas fluorescens wcs365 and streptomyces spp.), and the other part was not inoculated. Both parts were composted under equivalent conditions for 60 days. Inoculation led to a slightly shorter period of increasing doc and respiration activity. However, after 3-10 days, no differences were observed between the mixtures. Inoculation did not influence the temperature profile or phytotoxicity of the mixtures. In contrast, the suppressiveness of the composts towards fuzarium oxysporum increased by 1.2-fold after 60 days, although the inoculated compost mixtures became suppressive 30-58 days earlier as compared with the non-inoculated ones. The influence of inoculation was similar for composts of different types.
Authors and Affiliations
1*Polina Galitskaya, 2liliya Biktasheva, 2Polina Kuryntseva and 2Svetlana Selivanovskaya
Keywords
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