Abstract

Background: antibiotic administration is an essential element for any surgical operation success, even if a prior infection was not detected. This is due to the fact that antimicrobial agents do not only act as therapy to treat preexisting infection but also as a prophylaxis which is given preoperatively to reduce the incidence of surgical site infection and as an adjunct to operative treatment which is given in the setting of operative management of infections such as secondary peritonitis or necrotizing fasciitis. Prophylactic antibiotics are also used as primary therapy when operation is not performed, such as for cellulitis, or postoperative pneumonia which indicates the significance of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis and the great importance of adhering to the right treatment protocol and guidelines. Aim of the Study: a systematic review was performed to evaluate the adherence to clinical guidelines for surgical antibiotic prophylaxis. Methods: of which fifteen studies were retrieved that fulfilled most of the inclusion requirements of being randomized controlled clinical trials. Results: 952 articles were retrieved from database, of which 15 studies were selected for selected for synthesis. 5 outcome of interest were identified, on top of which were the administration of antibiotic at the correct time and adequate discontinuation of antibiotic which ranged from 0.3% to 100%. Conclusion: the assessed studies addressed a gap in the adherence to guidelines for surgical antibiotic prophylaxis and more rigor approaches to leverage the guidelines

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