Terminal veins and neonatal intraventricular haemorrhage of prematurity: a sonographic approach
Journal Title: Hellenic Journal of Radiology - Year 2018, Vol 3, Issue 2
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the sonographic appearance and velocities of terminal veins (TVs) in premature neonates without/with germinal matrix (GMH) or intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), and to investigate for an early sonographic finding, helpful in the prognosis of IVH. Material and Methods: Two groups of premature babies (24-36 gestational weeks) were prospectively studied. Group I included 60 neonates without haemorrhage and Group II 40 neonates with GMH/IVH. TVs were evaluated for their presence, type of flow, time-averaged maximum (Tmax) and time-averaged mean (Tmean) velocity by colour and pulsed Doppler. Results: In Group I, 117 out of 120 TVs (97.5%) were visualised, with continuous, monophasic flow pattern. Statistical analysis of Tmax and Tmean velocities documented that both increased in a linear association with gestational weeks. Tmax velocities ranged from 2.04 cm/sec (24 gestational weeks) to 4.63 cm/sec (36 gestational weeks); Tmean velocities ranged from 1.16 cm/sec to 2.81 cm/sec, respectively. In Group II, 14 GMHs, 33 IVHs Grade II, 17 IVHs Grade III and 4 parenchymal haemorrhagic infarcts (PHIs) were demonstrated. One large GMH, two IVHs Grade II and one IVH Grade III with no flow in the ipsilateral TV progressed to PHI. In 4 more PHIs already developed in the initial sonogram, no TV flow was demonstrated. Conclusions: TVs can be sonographically visualised in almost all prematures. When a GMH-IVH has occurred, TV demonstration represents a good prognostic sign for the haemorrhage evolution. In contrary, no TV flow seems to be a bad prognostic sign preceding the PHI appearance.
Authors and Affiliations
Marina Vakaki, Efthymia Alexopoulou, Rodanthi Sfakiotaki, Argyro Mazioti, Dimitrios Lambrou, Anna Hountala, Chrysoula Koumanidou
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP373638
- DOI -
- Views 140
- Downloads 0
Cerebral perfusion disturbances in traumatic brain injury: A preliminary study about direct and indirect effects on memory and psychoemotional outcome
Purpose: To investigate possible associations between hemodynamic changes and psychoemotional/cognitive status in patients with chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods and Materials: Dynamic Susceptibility Contra...
Winging scapula in a young athletic male
A 17-year-old male patient, elite track athlete, presented with a winging scapula (Fig. 1). His past medical history revealed a right arm pain lasting for a period of two weeks, two months before presentation. Clinical f...
A young woman with dysarthria, bradykinesia and ataxia
A 23-year old female presented in the Emergency Department with dysarthria, bradykinesia and ataxia. The patient inhaled heroin one week before the onset of the symptoms. She was tachypnoeic but haemodynamically stable (...
Is Radiology a clinical specialty?:The concept of the invisible radiologist
Ιt should be stated right from the start that Radiology is a clinical specialty and the radiologist is a clinician with special training in methods of exceptional diagnostic significance and dynamically expanding range....
Quadratus femoris muscle: spectrum of MR imaging findings in 51 patients presenting with painful hip
Purpose: To provide an overview of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings related to quadratus femoris muscle (QFm) pathologies in symptomatic patients. Material and Methods: MR imaging studies from 51 patients, who we...