The adventitious constituent in forest phytocoenoses of Forest-Steppe of Ukraine
Journal Title: Лісівництво і агролісомеліорація - Year 2018, Vol 133, Issue
Abstract
The problem of the progressive development of Ukrainian flora adventization, the relevance of issues concerning the inventory of adventitious species diversity and monitoring of their populations, as well as the investigation of phytoinvasions in forest phytocoenoses are analyzed in the article. An adventitious floristic element is represented by 830 species of vascular plants (including 18 % archeophytes and 82 % kenophytes), of which about 100 species are highly invasive. Materials and Methods The objects of research are first level monitoring plots (642 plots) located within all regions of the forest-steppe plain part of Ukraine. According to the provisions of the Global and European Development Strategies on the need for control of invasion and the introduction of non-native adventitious species in natural and synantropized habitats (the process of neophitization) and the introduction of monitoring of their abundance and distribution, the investigation of contamination of forest phytocoenoses with non-native species of vascular plants (their abundance - coverage and participation in the vegetation composition, distribution, distributional patterns within administrative regions of forest-steppe zone) was conducted. The methodological approaches to the identification of adventitious and highly-invasive species (Mosyakin S. L., Fedoronchuk M. M. Vascular plants of Ukraine. A nomenclatural checklist, 1999), the use of indices for adventization – A (percentage of adventitious species to the total number of species) and for forest flora modernization – M (percentage of kenophytes and eukenophytes in the adventitious element of flora) were tried out. Distribution of species into separate groups, depending on the time of their introduction to the territory of Ukraine (archeophytes, kenophytes, eukenophytes), was carried out according to the Geographical and Historical Classification of Synanthropic Vegetation by Kornas (Kornaś J., 1968). Results The adventitious fraction of forest flora within monitoring plots is represented by 42 species (25 kenophytes and 17 archeophytes), one-third of which (14 species) are highly invasive and potentially dangerous species. The adventitious component of tree and shrub layer consists of 16 kenophytes (4 species are highly invasive), low shrub-grass-moss layer – 17 archeophytes (7 species are highly invasive) and 9 kenophites (3 species are highly invasive). Adventization index of flora (10.5%) and low shrub-grass-moss layer (7.4%) of forest phytocoenoses within the forest-steppe zone is lower to compare with the same index for the flora of Ukraine in total (14.0%). Adventization index of species composition of tree and shrub layer (29.6%) indicates the disturbance of the coenotic structure of forest communities and the deterioration in their condition. Modernization indices (M) of adventitious flora in forest phytocoenoses (59.5%) and low shrub-grass-moss layer (34.6%) are lower as compared with the similar index for the flora of Ukraine in total (82.0%). Stepped-up pace of modernization of the adventitious constituent of tree and shrub layer (100.0%) is the result of introductory activity during artificial reforestation. Such species as Robinia pseudoacacia L., Quercus borealis Michx., Impatiens parviflora DC. and Erigeron canadensis L. are the greatest threat to phytodiversity of forests in forest-steppe zone. Conclusions The method of research of forest phytocoenoses contamination with non-native species of vascular plants is recommended for monitoring of phytoinvasions in forest phytocoenoses (every 3-5 years) in all natural zones in plain part of Ukraine. 1 Table, 15 Refs. Key words: phytoinvasions, adventitious species, introduced species, highly invasive species, forest phytocenoses, forest flora.
Authors and Affiliations
M. Bondaruk, O. Tselishchev
Keywords
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- EP ID EP533390
- DOI 10.33220/1026-3365.133.2018.65
- Views 176
- Downloads 0
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