Abstract

The physicochemical and structural properties of the Surakhani and Balakhani well oils of the Absheron Peninsula of Azerbaijan Republic have been investigated by using modern and high sensitive methods. It has been determined that the Surakhani oils (b.p. =124ºC and b.p. =110ºC) have less density and viscosity than the Balakhani oils (b.p. =143ºC) and the former and the latter belong to semi heavy and heavy oils respectively. As a result of the chromatographic researches, cyclopentane, cyclohexane and their homologues those are formed on the basis of the cyclization process of unsaturated aliphatic acids have been determined in both oils. The scheme for the formation reaction of decalin as a result of the hydrogenation reaction of the naphthalene and its homologues as well as the scheme for the reaction of the formation of azulene in Balakhani oil are presented and the reversibility of both reactions is indicated. It has been revealed that the Surakhani oil differs with its unsaturated bicyclic hydrocarbons (octahydropentalen, cis-octahidropentalen, 2-methyloctahidropentalen) and saturated spirans (spiro (4, 5) decane, spiro (5, 6) dodecane, trans, cis-1,8-dimethyl spiro (4, 5) decane, 5,5-dimethyl spiro hexane-4-on), while Balakhani oil differs from the previous oil with a saturated cyclic hydrocarbon named adamantane and heteroatomic cyclic compounds – steranes like stigmastane, cholestane and phtlane. Olefin hydrocarbons (1-decene, 5-octadecene and etc.) have been determined in Surakhani well oil. There are saturated acids in both oils.

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