The evaluation of sexual dimorphism of somatic features and body composition of young people doing water sports
Journal Title: Antropomotoryka. Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences - Year 2012, Vol 22, Issue 59
Abstract
[b]Introduction. [/b]The opinions on masculinisation of body build of female athletes have been partly reviewed with extensive studies in the area of anthropology, however due to intense sports competition the problem still seems controversial, and thus it remains open and requires constant monitoring already in the initial stages of sports training of girls.[b]Aim of the work.[/b] The aim of the study is to analyse the differences in the levels of selected morphological parameters between boys and girls practicing rowing, canoeing and swimming.[b]Material and methods.[/b] In the group of 173 male and female athletes aged 15 and 16 years anthropometric measures of 12 somatic features were carried out and the body composition was established using a bioelectric impedance method (a percentage content of fat, water and lean body mass). The differences in the level of analysed features between boys and girls were estimated using Mollison index and Student’s t-test for independent samples.[b]Results.[/b] Among fifteen-year-old girls, the swimmers are most similar to boys in terms of size of musculature (expressed as circumferences of analysed body parts) and distribution of underlayer of fat tissue, and among older, sixteen-year-old female athletes – the rowers. In the studied groups of girls doing such different disciplines of water sports and in boys doing the same disciplines as the girls, as well as in groups formed on the basis of metrical age, correct relations of fat mass content and active mass content were noted. However, results indicating a low share of water in body composition in sixteen-year-old girls practicing swimming are worrying.[b]Conclusions.[/b] The results lead to the conclusion that active participation in sport does not cause any significant disturbances in the features diagnosed as dimorphically differentiating.
Authors and Affiliations
Ewa Ziółkowska-Łajp, Anna Demuth, Marek Drozdowski, Urszula Czerniak, Magdalena Krzykała
Keywords
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