The evolution of anti tuberculosis treatment in newly diagnosis pulmonary tuberculosis patients.
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) - Year 2018, Vol 8, Issue 4
Abstract
: Tuberculosis (TB), which is one of the oldest diseases known to affect humans and is likely to have existed in prehominids, is a major cause of death worldwide. This disease is caused by bacteria of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and usually affects the lungs, although other organs are involved in up to one third of cases. If properly treated, TB caused by drug susceptible strains is curable in virtually all cases. If untreated, the disease may be fatal within 5 years in 50 -65% of cases. Transmission usually takes place through the airborne spread of droplet nuclei produced by patients with infectious pulmonary TB. With a population of about 1252 million, India is the largest country in the Region. It is ranked first among the high burden countries and contributed 24% of the estimated global incident TB cases and about 20% of global TB related deaths in 2013(1) . Since its inception in 1997, the RNTCP has initiated almost 20 million patients on treatment. Since 2005, the programme has consistently achieved and exceeded the global target of 85% treatment success rate among new smear positive cases, as well as among all new and relapse TB cases, with 88% for the cohort of patients registered in 2012, slightly below the newly set target of 90% success rate. In the 2012 cohort, the treatment success rate for retreatment cases (excluding relapse) and HIV positive TB cases (all forms) was 74% and 77% respectively; among retreatment cases the higher proportion of unsuccessful treatment was related to “lost to follow-up” (13%), and among HIV positive cases to deaths (13%)(2,3) .
Authors and Affiliations
Akash Khobragade1, Pranali Dinesh Shinde, Sadiq Patel3
Keywords
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